Is Axonal Degeneration a Key Early Event in Parkinson's Disease?

Abstract

Recent research suggests that in Parkinson's disease the long, thin and unmyelinated axons of dopaminergic neurons degenerate early in the disease process. We organized a workshop entitled 'Axonal Pathology in Parkinson's disease', on March 23rd, 2016, in Cleveland, Ohio with the goals of summarizing the state-of-the-art and defining key gaps in knowledge. A group of eight research leaders discussed new developments in clinical pathology, functional imaging, animal models, and mechanisms of degeneration including neuroinflammation, autophagy and axonal transport deficits. While the workshop focused on PD, comparisons were made to other neurological conditions where axonal degeneration is well recognized.

Keywords: Parkinson disease; animal disease models; autophagy; axonal transport; axons; dopaminergic neurons; retrograde degeneration; review; substantia nigra pars compacta; synapses.