Oral cholera vaccines containing B-subunit-killed whole cells and killed whole cells only. I. Cross-reacting antigens of members of family Vibrionaceae and the vaccines

Abstract

Antigenic similarity between the oral cholera B subunit-whole cell (BS-WC) and whole-cell only (WC) vaccines and strains of the family Vibrionaceae was studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. A reference system consisting of Vibrio cholerae Inaba E1 Tor antigenic extract and homologous rabbit antiserum was applied in the study. The system was represented by 30 anodically migrating antigens forming distinct precipitation bands. Antigenic extracts of other members of the family Vibrionaceae showed the following numbers of cellular antigens shared in common with the reference system: Vibrio cholerae non-01-30, V. mimicus-23, V. fluvialis-15, V. parahaemolyticus-10, Aeromonas hydrophila-7, A. sobria-5, A. caviae-4 and Plesiomonas shigelloides-5 antigens. Homologous rabbit antiserum reacted with 11 antigens of BS-WC vaccine and 10 antigens of WC vaccine. The number of antigens which members of the family Vibrionaceae shared in common with those preserved in the WC component of the vaccines were as follows: Vibrio cholerae non-01, 7; V. mimicus, 5; V. fluvialis, 3; V. parahaemolyticus, 3; Aeromonas hydrophila, 2; A. sobria, 2; and A. caviae, 2; Plesiomonas shigelloides, 1. None of the strains produced an antigen reacting with anti-cholera toxin antibodies. The presence of common antigens in the vaccine and among members of family Vibrionaceae indicates that the oral cholera vaccine could stimulate immunity effectively against other members of the family.