Effect of Gestational Diabetes on Purkinje and Granule Cells Distribution of the Rat Cerebellum in 21 and 28 days of Postnatal Life

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with nervous system alterations in both human and animal models. This study was done to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on the Purkinje and granular cells in the cerebellum of rat offspring.

Methods: 10 Wistar rats Dams were randomly allocated in control and diabetic group. The experimental group received 40 mg/kg/body weight of streptozotocin (STZ) at the first day of gestation and control groups received saline injection intraperitoneally (IP). Six male offsprings of gestational diabetic mothers and control dams, at the 21, 28 postnatal days were randomly scarified and coronal sections of cerebellum (6 micrometer) serially collected. The neurons were stained with cresyl violet.

Results: The Purkinje cells density in the apex and depth of cerebellum in P21, in the experimental group was reduced 23% and 15% in comparison with the control group (P<0.001). The granular cells density in the experimental group was reduced 19.58% and 18.3% in comparison with the controls (P<0.001). The Purkinje cells density of cerebellum in P28, in the diabetic group reduced to 22.12% and 12.62% in comparison with the control group (P<0.001). The granular cells density in the diabetic group reduced 17.14% and 16.12% in comparison with the control group (P<0.001).

Discussion: The Purkinje and granular cells significantly reduced in gestational diabetes rat offspring.

Keywords: Cerebellum; Gestational diabetes; Granular cell; Purkinje cell; Rat.

Figure 1.

Histological section of cerebellum cortex postnatal day 28 (P28) Wistar rat in A: control and B: case group (20× magnification, scale bar: 100 μm). C: control and D: case group (1000× magnification, scale bar: 20 μm). Section stained with cresyl violet. ML: molecular layer, PCL: Purkinje cell layer, GL: granule cell layer, WM: white matter, black arrow: Purkinje cell, white arrow: granular cell.

Figure 2.

The mean number of Purkinje cells in apex and depth of cerebellum of postnatal day 21 and 28 of offspring in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and control dams in Wistar rats. The cells were expressed as the number of Purkinje cells per 10000 μm², (results are means± SEM, ^*Compared with controls P<0.05, n=6).