Links between the Brain and Retina: The Effects of Cigarette Smoking-Induced Age-Related Changes in Alzheimer's Disease and Macular Degeneration

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Retina Brain Research, Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
² Tianjin Eye Hospital , Tianjin , China.
³ Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China.
⁴ Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, LKS Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
⁵ Laboratory of Retina Brain Research, Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Sha Sha Yu et al. Front Neurol. 2016.

. 2016 Jul 27:7:119.

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00119. eCollection 2016.

¹ Laboratory of Retina Brain Research, Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
² Tianjin Eye Hospital , Tianjin , China.
³ Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China.
⁴ Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, LKS Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
⁵ Laboratory of Retina Brain Research, Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

No abstract available

Keywords: Alzheimer-like pathology; age-related macular degeneration; amyloid peptide; cigarette smoking; retina.

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