A Proposed Staging Classification for Minimally Invasive Management of Haglund's Syndrome with Percutaneous and Endoscopic Surgery

Abstract

Haglund's syndrome encompasses several different pathologies, including Haglund's deformity, insertional Achilles tendonopathy, retrocalcaneal bursitis, and superficial bursitis. Traditionally treated with open surgery, there is increasing interest in a more minimally invasive approach to this difficult region to reduce complications and improve the rate and ease of recovery. We review the evidence available for 2 of these techniques: the endoscopic calcaneoplasty and percutaneous Zadek's calcaneal osteotomy (also known as Keck and Kelly's osteotomy). The senior author's classification for management of the condition is presented as well as describing his operative technique for these procedures.

Keywords: Achilles tendonopathy; Calcaneoplasty; Classification; Endoscopy; Haglund’s syndrome; Management; Minimally invasive approach; Percutaneous; Zadek's osteotomy.