Effectiveness of a systematic vaccination program in patients with autoimmune inflammatory disease treated with anti-TNF alpha drugs

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this is manuscript is to evaluate the impact of a vaccination protocol in the prevention of infection in autoimmune inflammatory disease (AUTID) patients treated with Anti-TNF-alpha therapies.

Research design and methods: The authors conducted an observational study to test the effect of a vaccination program in AUTID patients that received anti-TNF-alpha therapies in hospital admissions related to infections. This effect was evaluated by comparing patients admitted before the program started (prevaccination period, 2009-2011) and after the program (postvaccination period, 2011-2014).

Results: The study included 581 patients: 280 in the pre-vaccination group and 301 in the post-vaccination group. During the prevaccination period, 27.3% of patients treated with anti-TNF-alpha drugs were vaccinated before biological therapy. During the postvaccination period, this percentage increased to 97.0%. Statistically significant differences were detected in emergency room visits per 10.000 treatment days, in hospital admissions related to an infectious disease and in the rate of invasive pneumococcal disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection per 10.000 days of treatment.

Conclusions: This vaccination program decreases infectious complications and was associated with a lower amount of hospital admissions due to infections, emergency room visits and the rate of invasive pneumococcal disease.

Keywords: Anti-TNF-alpha therapies; adalimumab; autoimmune inflammatory disease; etanercept; infliximab; vaccine.