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Multicenter Study
. 2016 Sep 27;115(7):862-5.
doi: 10.1038/bjc.2016.245. Epub 2016 Aug 18.

Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a pooled analysis of three Italian case-control studies

Valentina Rosato  1   2 , Valentina Guercio  1 , Cristina Bosetti  3 , Eva Negri  3 , Diego Serraino  4 , Attilio Giacosa  5 , Maurizio Montella  6 , Carlo La Vecchia  1 , Alessandra Tavani  3
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a pooled analysis of three Italian case-control studies

Valentina Rosato et al. Br J Cancer. .

Abstract

Background: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers. However, studies conducted in Mediterranean regions are scanty.

Methods: To investigate the relation between MD and colorectal cancer risk in Italy, we pooled data from three case-control studies, including a total of 3745 colorectal cancer cases and 6804 hospital controls. Adherence to the MD was assessed using an a priori Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), based on nine components.

Results: Compared with the lowest adherence to the MD (0-2 MDS), the odds ratio (OR) was 0.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43-0.62) for the highest adherence (7-9 MDS), with a significant inverse trend in risk (P<0.0001). The OR for a 1-point increment in the MDS was 0.89 (95% CI 0.86-0.91). The inverse association was consistent across studies, cancer anatomical subsites and strata of selected covariates.

Conclusions: This Italian study confirms a favourable role of MD on colorectal cancer risk.

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