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. 2016 Oct 2;12(10):2704-2706.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1217141.

Measuring inequalities in immunization in Wales and the impact of interventions

Richard J Roberts  1 , Anne McGowan  1 , Simon Cottrell  1
Affiliations

Measuring inequalities in immunization in Wales and the impact of interventions

Richard J Roberts et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. .

Abstract

We reviewed uptake of childhood immunization in Wales by quintile of deprivation and found that uptake was significantly lower in residents in the most socio-economically deprived areas compared with the least deprived. Differences were greater in older children. Services generally met best practice recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; however, follow up of children who had not responded to invitations to attend routine immunization sessions needed more consistent implementation. Over a three year period to 2014-15 the difference in uptake between upper and lower quintiles at the fourth birthday reduced from 8.9% to 6.7%.

Keywords: Wales; children; deprivation; immunisation; inequalities.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The proportion of children that have completed all recommended routine immunisations by 1 y of age resident in the most deprived compared to the least deprived areas, Wales 2011. *Statistically significant difference between quintiles(p < 0.05).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The proportion of children that have completed all recommended routine immunisations by 2 y of age resident in the most deprived compared to the least deprived areas, Wales 2011. *Statistically significant difference between quintiles (p < 0.05).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The proportion of children that have completed all recommended routine immunisations by 5 y of age resident in the most deprived compared to the least deprived areas, Wales 2011, *Statistically significant difference between quintiles (p < 0.05).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Proportion of children that have completed MMR and Td/IPV routine immunisations by 16 y of age resident in the most deprived compared to the least deprived areas, Wales 2011, *Statistically significant difference between quintiles for the same vaccine (p < 0.05).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Difference in the proportion of children up to date with all vaccines (1, 2 and 5 years) and Td/IPV vaccine (16 years) resident in the most and least deprived areas, Wales 2011.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Change in the difference in uptake at the fourth birthday between children living in the most and least deprived areas between 2012–13 and 2014–15, Wales.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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