Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 May-Jun;20(3):324-9.
doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.183096.

Association of chronic periodontitis with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study

Naresh Kumar  1 , Ashu Bhardwaj  2 , Prakash Chand Negi  3 , Pravesh Kumar Jhingta  4 , Deepak Sharma  4 , Vinay Kumar Bhardwaj  5
Affiliations

Association of chronic periodontitis with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study

Naresh Kumar et al. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2016 May-Jun.

Abstract

Background: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MeS) is high among Asians, including Indians and is rising, particularly with the adoption of modernized lifestyle. Various studies have reported a significant relationship between periodontal status and MeS. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between periodontitis and MeS.

Materials and methods: The study included 259 subjects (130 cases with chronic periodontitis, 129 controls without chronic periodontitis) who underwent medical and periodontal checkup. Five components (obesity, high blood pressure, low- and high-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and high plasma glucose) of MeS were evaluated, and individuals with ≥3 positive components were defined as having MeS. The periodontal parameter was clinical attachment level (CAL) on the basis of which cases were selected with moderate (CAL loss 3-4 mm) and severe (CAL loss ≥5 mm) generalized chronic periodontitis. The association between chronic periodontitis and MeS components was investigated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: The association of MeS and chronic periodontitis was strong and significant with OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.36-5.18, and P < 0.003. Comparison of mean values of components of MeS between cases and controls reveals that the mean waist circumference (mean difference: -4.8 [95% CI: 7.75--1.84], P < 0.002) and mean triglycerides level (mean difference: -25.75 [95% CI: -49.22--2.28], P < 0.032) were significantly higher in cases than in control groups. Although mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar level were higher in cases (125.77, 82.99 and 86.38, respectively) compared with control (122.81, 81.3 and 83.68, respectively), it was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there is a strong association between chronic periodontitis and MeS. The association was independent of the various potential confounding risk factors affecting the chronic periodontitis such as age, sex, residential background, and tobacco consumption.

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis; hypertriglyceridemia; metabolic syndrome; obesity; plasma glucose.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW. Periodontal diseases. Lancet. 2005;366:1809–20. - PubMed
    1. Watt RG, Petersen PE. Periodontal health through public health – The case for oral health promotion. Periodontol 2000. 2012;60:147–55. - PubMed
    1. Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet. 2005;365:1415–28. - PubMed
    1. Cameron AJ, Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome: Prevalence in worldwide populations. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2004;33:351–75. - PubMed
    1. Bullon P, Morillo JM, Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Quiles JL, Newman HN, Battino M. Metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: Is oxidative stress a common link? J Dent Res. 2009;88:503–18. - PubMed