[Arterial hypertension and prediabetes]

Abstract

Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the factors related to new diabetes in hypertensive.

Patients and methods: This prospective follow-up study involved 2588 non-diabetic, hypertensive patients. The total follow-up was 15053 patient-years with a median of 3.4 years (interquartile interval 1.4-6.8).

Results: During the follow-up 333 (13%) patients had new diabetes, with a conversion rate of 2.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98-2.46) 100/patients/year. In a Cox proportional hazard model including baseline characteristics and modifications during the follow up the three components of metabolic syndrome (excluding blood pressure and glucose values) HR 1.69 (95% CI, 1.36-2.09), family history of diabetes HR 1,49 (95% CI, 1,20-1,85) and baseline blood glucose ≥110 mg/dl HR 7.84 (95% CI, 5.99-10.29) were the most important factors related to new diabetes. Weight variation during the follow up, and statins, beta-bloquers or diuretic treatment did not increase the risk of new diabetes, blood pressure control at the end of study reduce the risk HR 0,74 (95% CI, 0.61-0.91).

Conclusions: In hypertensive non-diabetic patients in primary prevention the factors related to new diabetes can easily identified at the beginning of follow up. Being obese, with family history of diabetes, and glucose values ≥110 mg/dl dramatically increase the risk of developing new diabetes.

Keywords: Arterial hypertension; Estado prediabético; Hipertensión arterial; Metabolic syndrome; Prediabetic state; Síndrome metabólico.