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. 2016 Dec:37:11-18.
doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Aug 27.

Sleep in family caregivers of ICU survivors for two months post-ICU discharge

JiYeon Choi  1 , Judith A Tate  2 , Michael P Donahoe  3 , Dianxu Ren  4 , Leslie A Hoffman  5 , Eileen R Chasens  6
Affiliations

Sleep in family caregivers of ICU survivors for two months post-ICU discharge

JiYeon Choi et al. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2016 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: To describe changes in sleep quality in family caregivers of ICU survivors from the patients' ICU admission until two months post-ICU discharge.

Design: Descriptive repeated measure design.

Setting: Academic hospital medical ICU.

Main outcome measures: Subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) and objective sleep/wake variables (SenseWear Armband™) were measured in family caregivers at patients' ICU admission, within two weeks post-ICU discharge and two months post-ICU discharge.

Results: In 28 family caregivers of ICU survivors, most caregivers reported poor sleep quality (i.e. PSQI >5) across the three time points (64.3% during patients' ICU admission, 53.6% at each post-ICU time point). Worse trends in sleep quality and objective sleep/wake pattern were observed in caregivers who were employed, and a non-spouse. There were trends of worsening sleep quality in caregivers of patients unable to return home within two months post-ICU discharge compared to patients able to return home.

Conclusions: Poor sleep quality was highly prevalent and persisted in family caregivers of ICU survivors for two months post-ICU discharge. Our data support the need for a larger longitudinal study to examine risk factors associated with sleep quality in family caregivers of ICU survivors to develop targeted interventions.

Keywords: Family caregivers; Intensive care unit; Intensive care unit survivors; Post intensive care outcomes; Sleep.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trends of sleep quality and objective sleep/wake patterns in caregivers of ICU survivors by patients’ home discharge status: (1) home ≤ 2 weeks post-ICU discharge, n= 5 (17.9 %); (2) home at 2 months post-ICU discharge, n=14 (50.0%); and (3) never returned home, n=9 (32.1 %). The middle circle represents the mean and error bar refers to standard deviations from the mean. TST, total sleep time; WASO, wake after sleep onset; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
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