Weight loss maintenance strategies among rural breast cancer survivors: The rural women connecting for better health trial

Abstract

Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer recurrence. Rural women have higher obesity rates compared with urban women and are in need of distance-based interventions that promote long-term weight loss.

Methods: In this two-phase trial, rural breast cancer survivors who lost >5% of their starting weight during a 6-month lifestyle intervention (delivered through weekly group conference calls) were randomized to one of two 12-month interventions for weight loss maintenance: continued biweekly phone-based group counseling or mailed newsletters. The primary outcome was weight regain from 6 to 18 months. Secondary outcomes included dichotomous measures of weight change and costs.

Results: Mean weight loss at 6 months was 14.0 ± 5.1%. Participants in the group phone condition regained less weight (3.3 ± 4.8 kg) compared with participants in the newsletter condition (4.9 ± 4.8 kg; P = 0.03). At 18 months, 75.3% of participants in the group phone condition remained ≥5% below baseline weight compared with 57.8% in the newsletter condition (P = 0.02). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were $882 to keep one more person ≥5% below baseline weight.

Conclusions: A lifestyle intervention incorporating group phone-based support improved the magnitude of weight loss maintained and increased the proportion of survivors who maintained clinically significant reductions.

Figure 1

Participant flow during screening, weight loss phase, and randomized phase

Figure 2

Proportion of participants maintaining within 3% of 6-month weight and achieving a weight loss ≥ 5% and ≥ 10% of baseline weight. * P value = 0.02; ** P value = 0.003