Burden of Respiratory Disease in Korea: An Observational Study on Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma, COPD, and Rhinosinusitis

Abstract

Purpose: The Asia-Pacific Burden of Respiratory Diseases (APBORD) study is a cross-sectional, observational one which has used a standard protocol to examine the disease and economic burden of allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), and rhinosinusitis across the Asia-Pacific region. Here, we report on symptoms, healthcare resource use, work impairment, and associated costs in Korea.

Methods: Consecutive participants aged ≥18 years with a primary diagnosis of asthma, AR, COPD, or rhinosinusitis were enrolled. Participants and their treating physician completed a survey detailing respiratory symptoms, healthcare resource use, and work productivity and activity impairment. Costs included direct medical cost and indirect cost associated with lost work productivity.

Results: The study enrolled 999 patients. Patients were often diagnosed with multiple respiratory disorders (42.8%), with asthma/AR and AR/rhinosinusitis the most frequently diagnosed combinations. Cough or coughing up phlegm was the primary reason for the medical visit in patients with a primary diagnosis of asthma and COPD, whereas nasal symptoms (watery runny nose, blocked nose, and congestion) were the main reasons in those with AR and rhinosinusitis. The mean annual cost for patients with a respiratory disease was US$8,853 (SD 11,245) per patient. Lost productivity due to presenteeism was the biggest contributor to costs.

Conclusions: Respiratory disease has a significant impact on disease burden in Korea. Treatment strategies for preventing lost work productivity could greatly reduce the economic burden of respiratory disease.

Keywords: Korea; Respiratory tract disease; cost of illness; health care costs.

Fig. 1. Percentage of the enrolled patients (N=999) with a combination of diseases.

Fig. 2. Main reasons for medical visits and all current symptoms reported by primary diagnosis. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Fig. 3. Percentage of patients with HCRU in the previous 4 weeks by primary diagnoses. Numbers above columns are the mean number of visits for patients that reported at least one visit. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GP, general practitioner/primary care physician.

Fig. 4. History of medication use for respiratory disease and medications prescribed at the medical visit by primary diagnoses. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Fig. 5. Mean WPAI scores by primary diagnoses. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WPAI, work productivity and impairment.

Fig. 6. Annual direct and indirect costs for the study population by primary diagnoses. Work productivity costs calculated only for patients that reported impairment at work as a result of the disease. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GP, general practitioner/primary care physician.