Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Sep 30;34(42):5125-5131.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.058. Epub 2016 Aug 31.

Poliovirus seroprevalence before and after interruption of poliovirus transmission in Kano State, Nigeria

Zubairu Iliyasu  1 , Harish Verma  2 , Kehinde T Craig  3 , Eric Nwaze  4 , Amina Ahmad-Shehu  4 , Binta Wudil Jibir  5 , Garba Dayyabu Gwarzo  6 , Auwalu U Gajida  1 , William C Weldon  7 , M Steven Oberste  7 , Marina Takane  8 , Pascal Mkanda  3 , Ado J G Muhammad  4 , Roland W Sutter  8
Affiliations

Poliovirus seroprevalence before and after interruption of poliovirus transmission in Kano State, Nigeria

Zubairu Iliyasu et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

Introduction: In September 2015, Nigeria was removed from the list of polio-endemic countries after more than 12months had passed since the detection of last wild poliovirus case in the country on 24 July 2014. We are presenting here a report of two polio seroprevalence surveys conducted in September 2013 and October 2014, respectively, in the Kano state of northern Nigeria.

Methods: Health facility based seroprevalence surveys were undertaken at Murtala Mohammad Specialist Hospital, Kano. Parents or guardians of children aged 6-9months, 36-47months, 5-9years and 10-14years in 2013 and 6-9months and 19-22months (corresponding to 6-9months range at the time of 2013 survey) in 2014 presenting to the outpatient department, were approached for participation, screened for eligibility and asked to provide informed consent. A questionnaire was administered and a blood sample collected for polio neutralization assay.

Results: Among subjects aged 6-9months in the 2013 survey, seroprevalence was 58% (95% confidence interval [CI] 51-66%) to poliovirus type 1, 42% (95% CI 34-50%) to poliovirus type 2, and 52% (95% CI 44-60%) to poliovirus type 3. Among children 36-47months and older, seroprevalence was 85% or higher for all three serotypes. In 2014, seroprevalence in 6-9month infants was 72% (95% CI 65-79%) for type 1, 59% (95% CI 52-66%) for type 2, and 65% (95% CI 57-72%) for type 3 and in 19-22months, 80% (95% CI 74-85%), 57% (49-63%) and 78% (71-83%) respectively. Seroprevalence was positively associated with history of increasing oral poliovirus vaccine doses.

Conclusions: There was significant improvement in seroprevalence in 2014 over the 2013 levels indicating a positive impact of recent programmatic interventions. However the continued low seroprevalence in 6-9month age is a concern and calls for improved immunization efforts to sustain the polio-free Nigeria.

Keywords: Kano; Nigeria; Oral poliovirus vaccine; Poliomyelitis; Seroprevalence.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals, by poliovirus serotype in 6–9 month old cohort in 2013 and 19–22 month old cohort in 2014.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Health Assembly. Global eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000. WHA41.28. [14 September 2015]. Available from: http://www.who.int/ihr/polioresolution4128en.pdf.
    1. Morales M., Tangermann R.H., Wassilak S.G. Progress toward polio eradication — worldwide, 2015–2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65:470–473. - PubMed
    1. GPEI. Global eradication of wild poliovirus type 2 declared; 2015. Available from: http://www.polioeradication.org/mediaroom/newsstories/Global-eradication....
    1. Kew O.M., Cochi S.L., Jafari H.S., Wassilak S.G., Mast E.E., Diop O.M. Possible eradication of wild poliovirus type 3 – worldwide, 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(45):1031–1033. - PMC - PubMed
    1. WHO. World Health Organization removes Nigeria from polio endemic list. [15 September 2015]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015/nigeria-polio/en/.

Publication types

MeSH terms