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Review
. 2017 May 19;8(4):460-469.
doi: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1222343. Epub 2016 Aug 11.

The global epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

David van Duin  1 , Yohei Doi  2
Affiliations
Review

The global epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

David van Duin et al. Virulence. .

Abstract

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are an important and increasing threat to global health. Both clonal spread and plasmid-mediated transmission contribute to the ongoing rise in incidence of these bacteria. Among the 4 classes of β-lactamases defined by the Ambler classification system, the carbapenemases that confer carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae belong to 3 of them: Class A (K. pneumoniae carbapenemases, KPC), Class B (metallo-β-lactamases, MBL including New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases, NDM) and Class D (OXA-48-like carbapenemases). KPC-producing CPE are the most commonly occurring CPE in the United States. MBL-producing CPE have been most commonly associated with the Indian Subcontinent as well as with specific countries in Europe, including Romania, Denmark, Spain, and Hungary. The epicenter of OXA-48-like-producing is in Turkey and surrounding countries. Detailed knowledge of the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of CPE is essential to stem the spread of these pathogens.

Keywords: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; carbapenemases; epidemiology; global; plasmid.

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