Congenital hemangiomas

Abstract

Congenital hemangiomas are rare solitary vascular tumors that do not proliferate after birth. They are characterized as either rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICHs) or noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas (NICHs) based on their clinical progression. NICHs have no associated complications, but are persistent. RICH, while usually asymptomatic, may ulcerate or bleed early in their presentation, but involute quickly during the first few months of life. Hepatic RICHs are not associated with cutaneous RICHs, but may result in high-output cardiac failure due to arteriovenous or portovenous shunting. In the following review, the clinical characteristics and current management specific to congenital hemangiomas is discussed.

Keywords: NICH; PICH; RICH; RICH-FI; RICH-fetal involution; congenital hemangioma; noninvoluting congenital hemangioma; partially involuting congenital hemangioma; rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma.