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. 2016 Sep 7;16(3):211-20.

In vivo dynamic compression has less detrimental effect than static compression on newly formed bone of a rat caudal vertebra

A Benoit  1 , T Mustafy, I Londono, G Grimard, C-E Aubin, I Villemure
Affiliations

In vivo dynamic compression has less detrimental effect than static compression on newly formed bone of a rat caudal vertebra

A Benoit et al. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. .

Abstract

Fusionless devices are currently designed to treat spinal deformities such as scoliosis by the application of a controlled mechanical loading. Growth modulation by dynamic compression was shown to preserve soft tissues. The objective of this in vivo study was to characterize the effect of static vs. dynamic loading on the bone formed during growth modulation. Controlled compression was applied during 15 days on the 7(th) caudal vertebra (Cd7) of rats during growth spurt. The load was sustained in the "static" group and sinusoidally oscillating in the "dynamic" group. The effect of surgery and of the device was investigated using control and sham (operated on but no load applied) groups. A high resolution CT-scan of Cd7 was acquired at days 2, 8 and 15 of compression. Growth rates, histomorphometric parameters and mineral density of the newly formed bone were quantified and compared. Static and dynamic loadings significantly reduced the growth rate by 20% compared to the sham group. Dynamic loading preserved newly formed bone histomorphometry and mineral density whereas static loading induced thicker (+31%) and more mineralized (+12%) trabeculae. A significant sham effect was observed. Growth modulation by dynamic compression constitutes a promising way to develop new treatment for skeletal deformities.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Experimental protocol. a. Growth modulation rat tail device; b. Timeline of the micro-CT acquisitions; c. Reconstructed 7th caudal vertebra; d. Location of the volume of interest (VOI) for histomorphometry analysis; e. Vertebral length measurement.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Growth rate (GR) measurements. *p<0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Typical evolution of bone microstructure on sagittal cross-sections. SO: secondary ossification; GP: growth plate; NFB: newly formed bone; TB: trabecular bone. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Histomorphometric analysis. a. Bone mineral density (BMD); b. Tissue mineral density (TMD); c. Bone volume fraction (BV/TV); d. Direct trabecular thickness (Tb.Th); e. Direct trabecular separation (Tb.Sp); f. Trabecular number (Tb.N); g. Structure model index (SMI); h. Degree of anisotropy (DA); i. Trabecular bone pattern factor (Tb.Pf); * p<0.05.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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