Research Needs to Improve Hypertension Treatment and Control in African Americans

Paul K Whelton¹, Paula T Einhorn², Paul Muntner², Lawrence J Appel², William C Cushman², Ana V Diez Roux², Keith C Ferdinand², Mahboob Rahman², Herman A Taylor², Jamy Ard², Donna K Arnett², Barry L Carter², Barry R Davis², Barry I Freedman², Lisa A Cooper², Richard Cooper², Patrice Desvigne-Nickens², Nara Gavini², Alan S Go², David J Hyman², Paul L Kimmel², Karen L Margolis², Edgar R Miller 3rd², Katherine T Mills², George A Mensah², Ann M Navar², Gbenga Ogedegbe², Michael K Rakotz², George Thomas², Jonathan N Tobin², Jackson T Wright², Sung Sug Sarah Yoon², Jeffrey A Cutler²; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Research Needs to Improve Hypertension Treatment and Control in African Americans

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), New Orleans, LA; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.T.E., P.D.-N., G.A.M., J.A.C.), and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (N.G., G.A.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (P.M.); Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A., L.A.C., E.R.M.); Preventive Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN (W.C.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.); Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, OH (M.R., J.T.W.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.A.T.); Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (J.A.) and Department of Medicine (B.I.F., J.A.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC; Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington (D.K.A.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City (B.L.C.); Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston (B.R.D.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL (R.C.); Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (D.J.H.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (P.L.K.); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (K.L.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.M.N.); Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York (G.O.); American Medical Association, Chicago, IL (M.K.R.); Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, OH (G.T.); Clinical Directors Network (CND) and The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, New York (J.N.T.); and National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD (S.S.(S.)Y.). pkwhelton@gmail.com.
² From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), New Orleans, LA; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.T.E., P.D.-N., G.A.M., J.A.C.), and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (N.G., G.A.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (P.M.); Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A., L.A.C., E.R.M.); Preventive Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN (W.C.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.); Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, OH (M.R., J.T.W.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.A.T.); Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (J.A.) and Department of Medicine (B.I.F., J.A.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC; Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington (D.K.A.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City (B.L.C.); Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston (B.R.D.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL (R.C.); Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (D.J.H.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (P.L.K.); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (K.L.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.M.N.); Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York (G.O.); American Medical Association, Chicago, IL (M.K.R.); Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, OH (G.T.); Clinical Directors Network (CND) and The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, New York (J.N.T.); and National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD (S.S.(S.)Y.).

PMID: 27620388
PMCID: PMC5063700
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07905

Review

Research Needs to Improve Hypertension Treatment and Control in African Americans

Paul K Whelton et al. Hypertension. 2016 Nov.

. 2016 Nov;68(5):1066-1072.

doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07905. Epub 2016 Sep 12.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), New Orleans, LA; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.T.E., P.D.-N., G.A.M., J.A.C.), and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (N.G., G.A.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (P.M.); Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A., L.A.C., E.R.M.); Preventive Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN (W.C.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.); Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, OH (M.R., J.T.W.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.A.T.); Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (J.A.) and Department of Medicine (B.I.F., J.A.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC; Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington (D.K.A.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City (B.L.C.); Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston (B.R.D.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL (R.C.); Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (D.J.H.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (P.L.K.); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (K.L.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.M.N.); Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York (G.O.); American Medical Association, Chicago, IL (M.K.R.); Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, OH (G.T.); Clinical Directors Network (CND) and The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, New York (J.N.T.); and National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD (S.S.(S.)Y.). pkwhelton@gmail.com.
² From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), New Orleans, LA; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.T.E., P.D.-N., G.A.M., J.A.C.), and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (N.G., G.A.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (P.M.); Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A., L.A.C., E.R.M.); Preventive Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN (W.C.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.); Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, OH (M.R., J.T.W.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.A.T.); Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (J.A.) and Department of Medicine (B.I.F., J.A.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC; Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington (D.K.A.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City (B.L.C.); Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston (B.R.D.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL (R.C.); Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (D.J.H.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (P.L.K.); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (K.L.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.M.N.); Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York (G.O.); American Medical Association, Chicago, IL (M.K.R.); Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, OH (G.T.); Clinical Directors Network (CND) and The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, New York (J.N.T.); and National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD (S.S.(S.)Y.).

PMID: 27620388
PMCID: PMC5063700
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07905

Abstract

Additional targeted research and customized training programs could spearhead strategies for elimination of the disparities in prevalence and control of high BP between African Americans and the remainder of the US general population.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest/Disclosures: None for Drs. Ard, Arnett, Carter, Cooper, Cutler, Davis, Desvigne-Nickens, Diez Roux, Einhorn, Gavini, Go, Kimmel, Mensah, Miller, Mills, Ogedegbe, Rahman, Thomas, Tobin, Whelton, Wright, and Yoon. Dr. Appel has an institutional conflict of interest with Healthways, Inc. Dr. Cushman is an investigator for institutional grants from Eli Lilly and Boerhinger-Ingelheim, and has provided unpaid services for Takeda. Dr. Freedman and Wake Forest University Health Sciences have filed for a patent related to APOL1 genetic testing. Dr. Freedman receives grant support from Novartis Pharmaceuticals and is a consultant for Ionis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Ferdinand is a consultant for Amgen, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, and Boehringer Ingleheim. Dr. Margolis served on an advisory board for Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Muntner receives research support from Amgen, Inc. Dr. Navar is an investigator for institutional grants from Sanofi and Regeneron pharmaceuticals. Dr. Taylor is on an advisory board for Amgen, Inc and for Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent the American Medical Association; National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; or US Department of Health and Human Services.

References

1. Flack JM, Sica DA, Bakris G, et al. Management of high blood pressure in Blacks: An update of the International Society on Hypertension in Blacks Consensus Statement. Hypertension. 2010;56:780–800. - PubMed
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1. Leenen FH, Dumais J, McInnis NH, Turton P, Stratychuk L, Nemeth K, Moy Lum-Kwong M, Fodor G. Results of the Ontario Survey on the Prevalence and Control of Hypertension. CMAJ. 2008;178:1441–1449. - PMC - PubMed

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Research Needs to Improve Hypertension Treatment and Control in African Americans

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Research Needs to Improve Hypertension Treatment and Control in African Americans

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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