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Multicenter Study
. 2016 Nov:32:108-115.
doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.09.007. Epub 2016 Sep 6.

Idiopathic delayed-onset edema surrounding deep brain stimulation leads: Insights from a case series and systematic literature review

Catherine M K E de Cuba  1 , Alberto Albanese  2 , Angelo Antonini  3 , Giovanni Cossu  4 , Günther Deuschl  5 , Roberto Eleopra  6 , Alejandro Galati  7 , Carel F E Hoffmann  8 , Karina Knudsen  5 , Andrea Landi  9 , Michele Maria R Lanotte  10 , Andrea Marcante  3 , Arne Mosch  11 , Manuela Pilleri  12 , Martin M Reich  13 , Valeria Ricchi  4 , Sara Rinaldo  6 , Luigi M Romito  14 , Felipe S Saba  15 , Horacio E Sacristan  16 , P Richard Schuurman  1 , Andrea Trezza  9 , Pepijn van den Munckhof  1 , Jens Volkmann  13 , Maurizio Zibetti  10 , Maria Fiorella Contarino  17
Affiliations
Free article
Multicenter Study

Idiopathic delayed-onset edema surrounding deep brain stimulation leads: Insights from a case series and systematic literature review

Catherine M K E de Cuba et al. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016 Nov.
Free article

Abstract

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective for some neurological and psychiatric conditions. Idiopathic delayed-onset edema (IDE) surrounding the leads has been anecdotally reported. The etiology, predisposing factors and prognosis of this complication are unknown. We present a multicenter case series of patients with IDE, and a systematic literature review, aimed at defining the pathophysiology and identifying appropriate treatment strategies.

Methods: IDE was defined as edema along the DBS lead, occurring ≥72 h postoperatively, in absence of trauma, vascular events or infection. Information on patients with IDE was collected in a standardized way. A systematic search was performed in Pubmed.

Results: Twelve new patients presenting with 14 episodes of IDE are described. From the literature, 38 patients were identified. No common surgical aspects or patient-related factors were identified as risk predictors for the onset of IDE. Symptoms included deterioration of the stimulation effect, seizures and focal neurological signs. Although the condition is self-limiting, with symptoms resolution in 28.5 days on average, three patients underwent surgical revision and seven received antibiotics.

Conclusions: IDE is a rare complication of DBS procedures, presenting from few days to months after surgery. Symptoms can be mild and not-specific, and the condition is self-limiting. The diagnosis of IDE is made after exclusion of vascular events or infections. The pathophysiology is still unexplained. The recognition of this complication can help avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures (system explantation) and antibiotic treatment.

Keywords: Complications; Deep brain stimulation; Delayed onset; Edema.

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