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. 2016 Aug 30:7:1308.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01308. eCollection 2016.

Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae Causing Community- and Hospital-Acquired Infections in Shanghai, China

Haoqin Jiang  1 , Mingliang Chen  2 , Tianming Li  3 , Hong Liu  1 , Ye Gong  4 , Min Li  3
Affiliations

Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae Causing Community- and Hospital-Acquired Infections in Shanghai, China

Haoqin Jiang et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Streptococcus agalactiae, a colonizing agent in pregnant women and the main cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis, has been increasingly associated with invasive disease in nonpregnant adults. We collected a total of 87 non-repetitive S. agalactiae isolates causing community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) infections in nonpregnant adults from a teaching hospital in Shanghai between 2009 and 2013. We identified and characterized their antibiotic resistance, sequence type (ST), serotype, virulence, and biofilm formation. The most frequent STs were ST19 (29.9%), ST23 (16.1%), ST12 (13.8%), and ST1 (12.6%). ST19 had significantly different distributions between CA- and HA-group B Streptococci (GBS) isolates. The most frequent serotypes were III (32.2%), Ia (26.4%), V (14.9%), Ib (13.8%), and II (5.7%). Serotype III/ST19 was significantly associated with levofloxacin resistance in all isoates. The HA-GBS multidrug resistant rate was much higher than that of CA-GBS. Virulence genes pavA, cfb were found in all isolates. Strong correlations exist between serotype Ib (CA and HA) and surface protein genes spb1 and bac, serotype III (HA) and surface protein gene cps and GBS pilus cluster. The serotype, epidemic clone, PFGE-based genotype, and virulence gene are closely related between CA-GBS and HA-GBS, and certain serotypes and clone types were significantly associated with antibiotic resistance. However, CA-GBS and HA-GBS still had significant differences in their distribution of clone types, antibiotic resistance, and specific virulence genes, which may provide a basis for infection control.

Keywords: Streptococcus agalactiae; antimicrobial susceptibility testing; multilocus sequence type (MLST); pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE); serotype; virulence factor.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
eBURST analysis of S. agalactiae using all STs available in the MLST database as of January 2016. ST nodes: green circles indicate a group founder, yellow circles indicate a sub-group founder, red circles indicate STs isolated from community samples, and blue circles indicate STs isolated from hospital samples.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dendrogram of the PFGE profiles of 87 GBS isolates. The dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA method. Dice coefficients (percentages) are indicated in the scale above the dendrogram. Each cluster (defined as a group of two or more isolates with a Dice coefficient of ≥80%) is represented in the dendrogram.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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