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Review
. 2015 Mar 13;54(2):131-8.
doi: 10.1515/sjph-2015-0020. eCollection 2015 Jun.

Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Adipose Tissue in Children and Adolescents

Primož Kotnik  1 , Pamela Fischer Posovszky  2 , Martin Wabitsch  2
Affiliations
Review

Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Adipose Tissue in Children and Adolescents

Primož Kotnik et al. Zdr Varst. .

Abstract
in English, Slovenian

Adipose tissue is implicated in many endocrine and metabolic processes. Leptin was among the first identified adipose-secreted factors, which act in an auto-, para- and endocrine manner. Since leptin, many other adipose tissue factors were determined, some primarily secreted from the adipocytes, some from other cells of the adipose tissue. So-called adipokines are not only involved in obesity and its complications, as are insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and other components of the metabolic syndrome, but also in growth, reproduction, bone metabolism, immune response, cancer development and many other important biological processes. Research in the field of adipokines has revealed new insights into the physiological and pathophysiologal processes and opened new therapeutic possibilities. In the present article, a special emphasis is devoted to research in children and adolescents.

Maščobno tkivo ima vlogo pri številnih endokrinih in presnovnih procesih. Lepin je bil med prvimi odkritimi dejavniki iz maščobnega tkiva, ki delujejo avto-, para- in endokrino. Od opredelitve leptina so odkrili še številne druge dejavnike, od katerih se nekateri izločajo iz maščobnih celic, nekateri pa iz drugih celic maščobnega tkiva.Tako imenovani adipokini niso povezani le z debelostjo in njenimi zapleti, kot so rezistenca proti inzulinu, sladkorna bolezen tipa 2 in druge komponente metabolnega sindroma, temveč tudi z rastjo, razmnoževanjem, presnovo kosti, imunskim odzivom, razvojem rakavih bolezni in mnogimi drugimi pomembnimi biološkimi procesi. Raziskave na področju adipokinov so opredelile nove fiziološke in patofiziološke procese in odprle nove možnosti zdravljenja. V tem prispevku poseben poudarek namenjamo raziskavam pri otrocih in mladostnikih.

Keywords: adipokine; adipose tissue; child; endocrinology; metabolic syndrome; obesity.

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Figures

Figure 1A, 1B
Figure 1A, 1B
Effects of pooled 10 % female (F) or male (M) serum on adiponectin (A) and retinol binding protein 4 (B) mRNA expression in SGBS adipocytes. mRNA expression ratios were determined by qRT-PCR, using succinate de-hydrogenase as a reference. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of 3 or more independent experiments, and are normalized to the expression or secretion in the vehicle (1% ethanol) treated samples. *p < 0.05 when compared to the vehicle.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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