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. 2016 Dec;22(12):2221-2223.
doi: 10.3201/eid2212.161076. Epub 2016 Dec 15.

Avian Influenza Virus H5 Strain with North American and Eurasian Lineage Genes in an Antarctic Penguin

Gonzalo P Barriga, Dusan Boric-Bargetto, Marcelo Cortez San Martin, Víctor Neira, Harm van Bakel, Michele Thompsom, Rodrigo Tapia, Daniela Toro-Ascuy, Lucila Moreno, Yesseny Vasquez, Michel Sallaberry, Fernando Torres-Pérez, Daniel González-Acuña, Rafael A Medina

Avian Influenza Virus H5 Strain with North American and Eurasian Lineage Genes in an Antarctic Penguin

Gonzalo P Barriga et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Dec.
No abstract available

Keywords: AIV; Antarctica; LPAIV; avian influenza; avian influenza virus; influenza; molecular epidemiology; penguin; viruses; zoonoses.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Low pathogenicity avian influenza virus (AIV) (H5N5) found in Antarctic penguin. A) Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene showing its relationship to H5 low pathogenicity North American lineage viruses. B) Phylogenic analysis of the NA gene showing its relationship to N5 viruses from Eurasia. Antarctic strains: red lines, stars; Eurasian strains: green lines, squares; North American strains: dark blue lines, circles; South American strains: light blue lines, diamonds. Sequences were selected from public databases to cover a wide diversity of AIV strains from different years and geographic locations and aligned with MUSCLE (http://www.drive5.com/muscle/). The maximum-likelihood trees of 325 HA and 319 NA nucleotide sequences were constructed with MEGA6 (http://www.megasoftware.net) and IQ-TREE on the IQ-TREE web server (http://www.cibiv.at/software/iqtree/) by using the maximum-likelihood method with 1,000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates. Summarized trees are shown for the H5 and N5 clusters. Further details are provided in Technical Appendix Figures 2, 3. The best-fit model of substitution was found by using the auto function on the IQ-TREE web server and Akaike information criterion. Scale bars indicate nucleotide substitutions per site. AIV, avian influenza virus; HA, hemagglutinin; NA, neuraminidase.
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