Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2016 Sep 26;9(9):CD009641.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009641.pub3.

Interventions to encourage uptake of cancer screening for people with severe mental illness

Elizabeth A Barley  1 , Rohan D Borschmann, Paul Walters, Andre Tylee
Affiliations
Review

Interventions to encourage uptake of cancer screening for people with severe mental illness

Elizabeth A Barley et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Adults with severe mental illness (i.e. schizophrenia or other related psychotic disorders and bipolar disorder) can be at greater risk of cancer than those without severe mental illness (SMI). Early detection of cancer through screening is effective in improving patient outcomes including death. However, people with SMI are less likely than others to take up available cancer screening.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of interventions targeted at adults with SMI, or their carers or health professionals, and aimed at increasing the uptake of cancer screening tests for which the adults with SMI are eligible.

Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Trials Register (October 25, 2012; December 19, 2014; April 07, 2015; July 04, 2016).

Selection criteria: All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions, targeted towards adults with SMI or their carers or health professionals, to encourage uptake of cancer screening tests for which the adults with SMI were eligible.

Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts and assessed these against the inclusion criteria.

Main results: We did not find any trials that met the inclusion criteria.

Authors' conclusions: A comprehensive search showed that currently there is no RCT evidence for any method of encouraging cancer screening uptake in people with SMI. No specific approach can therefore be recommended. High-quality, large-scale RCTs are needed urgently to help address the disparity between people with SMI and others in cancer screening uptake.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

None known.

Update of

  • doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009641.pub2

References

Additional references

Abrams 2012
    1. Abrams MT, Myers CS, Feldman SM, Boddie‐Willis C, Park J, McMahon RP, et al. Cervical cancer screening and acute care visits among Medicaid enrollees with mental and substance use disorders. Psychiatric Services 2012;63(8):815‐22. - PMC - PubMed
Allison 1999
    1. Allison D, Fontaine K, Mentore J, Cappelleri J, Chandler L, Weiden P, et al. The distribution of body mass index among individuals with and without schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 1999;60(4):215‐20. - PubMed
Altman 1996
    1. Altman DG, Bland JM. Detecting skewness from summary information. BMJ 1996;313(7066):1200. - PMC - PubMed
Anttila 2004
    1. Anttila A, Ronco G, Clifford G, Bray F, Hakama M, Arbyn M, et al. Cervical cancer screening programmes and policies in 18 European countries. British Journal of Cancer 2004;91(5):935‐41. - PMC - PubMed
Bland 1997
    1. Bland JM. Statistics notes. Trials randomised in clusters. BMJ 1997;315:600. - PMC - PubMed
BMA 2003
    1. BMA (British Medical Association & NHS Employers). Investing in general practice. The new general medical services contract. BMA & NHS Employers 2003.
BMA 2006
    1. BMA (British Medical Association & NHS Employers). Revisions to the GMS contract 2006/07. Delivering investment in general practice. BMA & NHS Employers 2006.
Bonfill Cosp 2001
    1. Bonfill Cosp X, Marzo Castillejo M, Pladevall Vila M, Marti J, Emparanza JI. Strategies for increasing the participation of women in community breast cancer screening. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002943] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Botha 2003
    1. Botha J, Bray F, Sankila R, Parkin D. Breast cancer incidence and mortality trends in 16 European countries. European Journal of Cancer 2003;39:1718‐29. - PubMed
Brown 1999
    1. Brown S, Birtwistle J, Roe L, Thompson C. The unhealthy lifestyle of people with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine 1999;29:697‐701. - PubMed
Carney 2006
    1. Carney CP, Jones LE. The influence of type and severity of mental illness on receipt of screening mammography. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2006;21:1097‐104. - PMC - PubMed
Dalack 1998
    1. Dalack G, Healy D, Meador‐Woodruff J. Nicotine dependence in schizophrenia: clinical phenomena and laboratory findings. American Journal of Psychiatry 1998;155:1490‐501. - PubMed
Dickerson 2003
    1. Dickerson FB, McNary SW, Brown CH, Kreyenguhl J, Goldberg RW, Dixon LB. Somatic healthcare utilization amongst adults with serious mental illness who are receiving community psychiatric services. Medical Care 2003;41(4):560‐70. - PubMed
Divine 1992
    1. Divine GS, Brown JT, Frazier LM. The unit of analysis error in studies about physicians' patient care behavior. Journal of General Internal Medicine 1992;7(6):623‐9. - PubMed
Donner 2002
    1. Donner A, Klar N. Issues in the meta‐analysis of cluster randomized trials. Statistics in Medicine 2002;21:2971‐80. - PubMed
Draisma 2003
    1. Draisma G, Boer R, Otto S, Cruijsen I, Damhuis R, Schroder F, et al. Lead times and overdetection due to prostate‐specific antigen screening: estimates from the European randomized study of screening for prostate cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2003;95(12):868‐78. - PubMed
Edwards 2006
    1. Edwards AGK, Evans R, Dundon J, Haigh S, Hood K, Elwyn GJ. Personalised risk communication for informed decision making about taking screening tests. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001865.pub2] - DOI - PubMed
Egger 1997
    1. Egger M, Davey Smith C, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta‐analysis detected by simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997;315:629‐34. - PMC - PubMed
Elbourne 2002
    1. Elbourne D, Altman DG, Higgins JPT, Curtina F, Worthington HV, Vaile A. Meta‐analyses involving cross‐over trials: methodological issues. International Journal of Epidemiology 2002;31(1):140‐9. - PubMed
Freemantle 1997
    1. Freemantle N, Harvey EL, Wolf F, Grimshaw JM, Grilli R, Bero LA. Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1997, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000172] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Furukawa 2006
    1. Furukawa TA, Barbui C, Cipriani A, Brambilla P, Watanabe N. Imputing missing standard deviations in meta‐analyses can provide accurate results. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2006;59(7):7‐10. - PubMed
Gordon 1998
    1. Gordon RB, Grimshaw JM, Eccles M, Rowe RE, Wyatt JC. Onscreen computer reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1998, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001096] - DOI
Gorman 1998
    1. Gorman PN, Redfern C, Liaw T, Mahon S, Wyatt JC, Rowe RE, et al. Computer‐generated paper reminders: Effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1998, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001175] - DOI
Grilli 2000
    1. Grilli R, Freemantle N, Minozzi S, Domenighetti G, Finer D. Mass media interventions: effects on health services utilisation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2000, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000389] - DOI - PubMed
Gulliford 1999
    1. Gulliford MC. Components of variance and intraclass correlations for the design of community‐based surveys and intervention studies: data from the Health Survey for England 1994. American Journal of Epidemiology 1999;149:876‐83. - PubMed
Higgins 2003
    1. Higgins JP, Thompson SC, Deek JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta‐analyses. BMJ 2003;327(7414):557‐60. - PMC - PubMed
Higgins 2011
    1. Higgins JPT, Green S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane‐handbook.org.
Howard 2010
    1. Howard L, Barley E, Davies E, Rigg A, Lempp H, Rose D, er al. Cancer diagnosis in people with severe mental illness: practical and ethical issues. Lancet Oncology 2010;11(8):797‐804. - PubMed
Hulscher 2006
    1. Hulscher MEJL, Wensing M, Weijden T, Grol R, Weel C. Interventions to implement prevention in primary care. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000362.pub2] - DOI - PubMed
Ivers 2012
    1. Ivers N, Jamtvedt G, Flottorp S, Young JM, Odgaard‐Jensen J, French SD, et al. Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 6. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000259.pub3] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Jepson 2000
    1. Jepson R, Clegg A, Forbes C, Lewis R, Sowden A, Kleijnen J. The determinants of screening uptake and interventions for increasing uptake: a systematic review. Health Technology Assessment 2000;4(14):1‐147. - PubMed
Leucht 2007
    1. Leucht S, Burkard T, Henderson J, Maj M, Sartorius N. Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2007;116:317‐33. - PubMed
Martens 2009
    1. Martens PJ, Chochinov HM, Prior HJ, Fransoo R, Burland E. Are cervical cancer screening rates different for women with schizophrenia? A Manitoba population‐based study. Schizophrenia Research 2009;113(1):101‐6. - PubMed
McReadie 2002
    1. McReadie R. Use of drugs, alcohol and tobacco by people with schizophrenia: case‐control study. British Journal of Psychiatry 2002;181:321‐5. - PubMed
Miller 2007
    1. Miller E, Lasser KE, Becker AE. Breast and cervical cancer screening for women with mental illness: patient and provider perspectives on improving linkages between primary care and mental health. Archives of Womens Mental Health 2007;10:189‐97. - PubMed
Moher 2010
    1. Moher D, Hopewell S, Schulz KF, Montori V, Gøtzsche PC, Devereaux PJ, et al. for the CONSORT Group. CONSORT 2010 Explanation and Elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trial. BMJ 2010;340:c869. - PMC - PubMed
NIMH 1987
    1. National Institute of Mental Health. Towards a Model for a Comprehensive Community‐Based Mental Health System. Washington, DC: NIMH, 1987.
OBrien 2001
    1. OBrien MA, Oxman AD, Davis DA, Haynes RB, Freemantle N, Harvey EL. Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000409.pub2] - DOI - PubMed
Osborn 2007
    1. Osborn DPJ, Levy G, Nazareth I, Peterson I, Islam A, King MB. Relative risk of cardiovascular and cancer mortality in people with severe mental illness from the United Kingdom's general practice research database. Archives of General Psychiatry 2007;62(6):242‐9. - PubMed
Owen 2002
    1. Owen C, Jessie D, Vries RM. Barriers to cancer screening amongst women with mental health problems. Health Care for Women International 2002;23:561‐6. - PubMed
Rhodes 2000
    1. Rhodes JM. Colorectal cancer screening in the UK: joint position statement by the British Society of Gastroenterology, the Royal College of Physicians, and the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland. Gut 2000;46:746‐8. - PMC - PubMed
Romero 2004
    1. Romero A, Green ME, Pantoja T, Wyatt J, Grimshaw JM, Altman D, et al. Manual paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001174] - DOI
Ruggeri 2000
    1. Ruggeri M, Leese M, Thornicroft G, Bisoffi G, Tansella M. Definition and prevalence of severe and persistent mental illness. British Journal of Psychiatry 2000;177:149‐55. - PubMed
Schizophrenia Commission 2012
    1. The Schizophrenia Commission. The abandoned illness: a report from the Schizophrenia Commission. London: Rethink Mental Illness 2012.
Ukoumunne 1999
    1. Ukoumunne OC, Culliford MC, Chinn S, Sterne JAC, Burney PGJ. Methods for evaluating area‐wide and organisation‐based intervention in health and health care: a systematic review. Health Technology Assessment 1999;3(5):1‐75. - PubMed
Werneke 2006
    1. Werneke U, Horn O, Maryon‐Davis A, Wessely S, Donnan S, McPherson K. Uptake of screening for breast cancer in patients with mental health problems. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2006;60:600‐5. - PMC - PubMed
WHO 2007
    1. World Health Organization. Cancer Control: Knowledge Into Action. WHO Guide for Effective programmes: Early Detection. http://www.who.int/cancer/modules/en/index.html (accessed 12 January 2011).
WHO 2009
    1. World Health Organization. Cancer. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/index.html (accessed 12 January 2011).
Xia 2009
    1. Xia J, Adams CE, Bhagat N, Bhagat V, Bhoopathi P, El‐Sayeh H, et al. Loss to outcomes stakeholder survey: The Loss Study. Psychiatric Bulletin 2009;33(7):254‐7.

LinkOut - more resources