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Review
. 2016 Sep 15;6(3):81-92.
eCollection 2016.

Myocardial energetics and the role of micronutrients in heart failure: a critical review

Ang-Peng Wong  1 , Aleksandra Niedzwiecki  2 , Matthias Rath  2
Affiliations
Review

Myocardial energetics and the role of micronutrients in heart failure: a critical review

Ang-Peng Wong et al. Am J Cardiovasc Dis. .

Abstract

Heart failure is a multifactorial disease with poor prognosis. There are many hypotheses regarding the cause of heart failure. Leading among them are the hemodynamic and the neuro-hormonal hypotheses. Although the energy depletion hypothesis has been fairly recent, there is evidence suggesting that declining bioenergy plays a major role in heart failure. This review explored the myocardial energy depletion hypothesis from the role of micronutrients in correcting and alleviating symptoms of heart failure. Even though focus was on key nutrients such as coenzyme Q10, thiamine, riboflavin, L-carnitine, and taurine, emphasis was on the combined effect of multiple micronutrients as a whole. Search from databases from 2000 to 2015 produced four clinical studies using multiple micronutrients on heart failure. Evidence from the studies show that using high doses of multiple micronutrients may have positive effects on heart failure and simultaneously support the myocardial energy depletion hypothesis.

Keywords: Heart failure; Krebs cycle; adenosine triphosphate; myocardial energetics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the ATP synthesis sources and key micronutrients utilized in mitochondrial electron transport system.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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