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Meta-Analysis
. 2016 Oct 1;10(10):CD011701.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011701.pub2.

Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis

Jairo Amaya-Guio  1 , David Andres Viveros-Carreño, Eloisa Mercedes Sierra-Barrios, Mercy Yolima Martinez-Velasquez, Carlos F Grillo-Ardila
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis

Jairo Amaya-Guio et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection that has a prevalence between 10% to 50% worlwide. BV results in an imbalance of the normal vaginal flora. Microorganisms associated with BV have been isolated from the normal flora of the male genital tract, and their presence could be related to the recurrence of BV after antibiotic treatment. Therefore, the treatment of sexual partners could decrease the recurrence of infection and possibly the burden of the disease.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness in women and the safety in men of concurrent antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women treated for BV.

Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Sexually Transmitted Infections Group Specialized Register (23 July 2016), CENTRAL (1991 to 23 July 2016), MEDLINE (1946 to 23 July 2016), Embase (1974 to 23 July 2016), LILACS (1982 to 23 July 2016), the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (23 July 2016), ClinicalTrials.gov (23 July 2016) and the Web of Science™ (2001 to 23 July 2016). We also handsearched conference proceedings, contacted trial authors and reviewed the reference lists of retrieved studies.

Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the concurrent use of any antibiotic treatment with placebo, no intervention or any other intervention by the sexual partners of women treated for BV.

Data collection and analysis: Three review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. We resolved any disagreements through consensus. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach.

Main results: Seven RCTs (1026 participants) met our inclusion criteria, and pharmaceutical industry funded four of these trials. Five trials (854 patients) compared any antibiotic treatment of sexual partners with placebo. Based on high quality evidence, antibiotic treatment does not increase the rate of clinical or symptomatic improvement in women during the first week (risk ratio (RR) 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96 to 1.03; 712 participants, four studies; RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.12; 577 patients, three studies, respectively), between the first and fourth week (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.11; 590 participants, three studies; RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.03; 444 participants, two studies; respectively) or after the fourth week (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.07; 572 participants, four studies; RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.17; 296 participants, two studies; respectively). Antibiotic treatment does not led to a lower recurrence during the first and fourth week (RR 1.28, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.43; 218 participants, one study; low quality evidence) or after the fourth week of treatment (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.52; 372 participants, three studies; low quality evidence) in women, but increases the frequency of adverse events (most frequently gastrointestinal symptoms) reported by sexual partners (RR 2.55, 95% CI 1.55 to 4.18; 477 participants, three studies; low quality evidence). Two trials (172 participants) compared any antibiotic treatment for sexual partners with no intervention. When we compared it with no intervention, the effects of antibiotic treatment on recurrence rate after the fourth week (RR 1.71, 95% CI 0.65 to 4.55; 51 participants, one study), clinical improvement between the first and fourth week (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.25; 152 participants, two studies) and symptomatic improvement after the fourth week (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.11; 70 participants, one study) were imprecise and there were no differences between groups. We downgraded the quality of the evidence to low or very low.

Authors' conclusions: High quality evidence shows that antibiotic treatment for sexual partners of women with BV, compared with placebo, does not increase the rate of clinical or symptomatic improvement during the first, between the first and fourth or after the fourth week into the women. Low quality evidence suggests that antibiotic treatment does not led to a lower recurrence rate during the first and fourth or after the fourth week of treatment into the women, but increases the frequency of adverse events reported by sexual partners. Finally, compared with no intervention, antibiotic treatment does not decrease the recurrence rate after the fourth week and does not increase the frequency of clinical or symptomatic improvement between the first and fourth or after the fourth week into the women, respectively.

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Conflict of interest statement

Jairo Amaya‐Guio has no known conflicts of interest, Mercy Yolima Martinez‐Velasquez has no known conflicts of interest, David Andres Viveros‐Carreño has no known conflicts of interest, Eloisa Mercedes Sierra‐Barrios has no known conflicts of interest, Carlos F Grillo‐Ardila has no known conflicts of interest. None of review authors are or have been involved with the included studies in this review.

Figures

1
1
Study flow diagram.
2
2
'Risk of bias' graph: review authors' judgements about each 'Risk of bias' item presented as percentages across all included studies.
3
3
'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each 'Risk of bias' item for each included study.
4
4
Forest plot of comparison: 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, outcome: 1.2 Recurrence of BV after the fourth week.
5
5
Forest plot of comparison: 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, outcome: 1.3 Clinical improvement during the first week.
6
6
Forest plot of comparison: 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, outcome: 1.4 Clinical improvement between the first and fourth week.
7
7
Forest plot of comparison: 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, outcome: 1.5 Clinical improvement after the fourth week.
8
8
Forest plot of comparison: 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, outcome: 1.6 Symptomatic improvement during the first week.
9
9
Forest plot of comparison: 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, outcome: 1.9 Minor adverse events during therapy in sexual partner.
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 1 Recurrence of BV between the first and fourth week.
1.2
1.2. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 2 Recurrence of BV after the fourth week.
1.3
1.3. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 3 Clinical improvement during the first week.
1.4
1.4. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 4 Clinical improvement between the first and fourth week.
1.5
1.5. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 5 Clinical improvement after the fourth week.
1.6
1.6. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 6 Symptomatic improvement during the first week.
1.7
1.7. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 7 Symptomatic improvement between the first and fourth week.
1.8
1.8. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 8 Symptomatic improvement after the fourth week.
1.9
1.9. Analysis
Comparison 1 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo, Outcome 9 Minor adverse events during therapy in sexual partner.
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2 Any antibiotic treatment versus no intervention, Outcome 1 Recurrence of BV after the fourth week.
2.2
2.2. Analysis
Comparison 2 Any antibiotic treatment versus no intervention, Outcome 2 Clinical improvement between the first and fourth week.
2.3
2.3. Analysis
Comparison 2 Any antibiotic treatment versus no intervention, Outcome 3 Symptomatic improvement after the fourth week.
3.1
3.1. Analysis
Comparison 3 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by antibiotic type), Outcome 1 Recurrence of BV after the fourth week.
3.2
3.2. Analysis
Comparison 3 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by antibiotic type), Outcome 2 Clinical improvement during the first week.
3.3
3.3. Analysis
Comparison 3 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by antibiotic type), Outcome 3 Clinical improvement between the first and fourth week.
3.4
3.4. Analysis
Comparison 3 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by antibiotic type), Outcome 4 Clinical improvement after the fourth week.
3.5
3.5. Analysis
Comparison 3 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by antibiotic type), Outcome 5 Minor adverse events during therapy in sexual partner.
4.1
4.1. Analysis
Comparison 4 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by dose), Outcome 1 Clinical improvement during the first week.
4.2
4.2. Analysis
Comparison 4 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by dose), Outcome 2 Clinical improvement between the first and fourth week.
4.3
4.3. Analysis
Comparison 4 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by dose), Outcome 3 Clinical improvement after the fourth week.
4.4
4.4. Analysis
Comparison 4 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by dose), Outcome 4 Symptomatic improvement during the first week.
4.5
4.5. Analysis
Comparison 4 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by dose), Outcome 5 Symptomatic improvement between the first and fourth week.
4.6
4.6. Analysis
Comparison 4 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (by dose), Outcome 6 Minor adverse events during therapy in sexual partner.
5.1
5.1. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 1 Recurrence of BV after the fourth week.
5.2
5.2. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 2 Clinical improvement during the first week.
5.3
5.3. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 3 Clinical improvement between the first and fourth week.
5.4
5.4. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 4 Clinical improvement after the fourth week.
5.5
5.5. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 5 Symptomatic improvement during the first week.
5.6
5.6. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 6 Symptomatic improvement between the first and fourth week.
5.7
5.7. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 7 Symptomatic improvement after the fourth week.
5.8
5.8. Analysis
Comparison 5 Any antibiotic treatment versus placebo (attrition bias), Outcome 8 Minor adverse events during therapy in sexual partner.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

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NCT02209519 {published data only}
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References to other published versions of this review

Amaya 2015
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