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Case Reports
. 2016 Oct 4:2016:bcr2016216385.
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2016-216385.

Triple threat in pregnancy

Swati Vishwanathan  1 , Michael Lucke  2 , Indu G Poornima  3
Affiliations
Case Reports

Triple threat in pregnancy

Swati Vishwanathan et al. BMJ Case Rep. .

Abstract

A woman aged 22 years with a history of lupus presented in the 18th week of pregnancy with hypertensive emergency and flash pulmonary oedema. Bedside echocardiogram revealed severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction with an ejection fraction (EF) of 25% and pericardial effusion. Laboratories revealed hypocomplementemia, proteinuria, elevated C reactive protein and anti-DS-DNA, raising concern for a lupus flare. Cardiac MRI showed an acute intramyocardial oedematous process, consistent with lupus carditis, and further worsening of LVEF to 13%. Shared-decision-making with the patient included discussion of maternal risks of continuation of pregnancy in the setting of worsening heart function and the fetal risks of definitive treatment with cyclophosphamide for a lupus flare and the patient decided to proceed with medical termination of pregnancy. Treatment with immunosuppressants, including cyclophosphamide, and steroids, was then initiated. 2 months after discharge, cardiac MRI showed marked improvement in LVEF to 50% and the patient remains clinically free of heart failure.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chest X-ray showing bilateral pleural effusions, pulmonary oedema.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Echocardiogram showing myocardial edema and pericardial effusion.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cardiac MRI (T2) image showing resolution of myocardial oedema and pericardial effusion.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cardiac MRI after treatment. Note the uniform intensity in the septum and lateral wall of left ventricle suggesting resolution of myocardial oedema.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Echocardiogram after treatment showing resolution of pericardial effusion and improvement in ejection fraction.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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