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. 2016 Dec 28;95(6 Suppl):97-107.
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0208. Epub 2016 Oct 5.

Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Cambodia

Sovannaroth Siv  1 , Arantxa Roca-Feltrer  2 , Seshu Babu Vinjamuri  1 , Denis Mey Bouth  3 , Dysoley Lek  1 , Mohammad Abdur Rashid  3 , Ngau Peng By  2 , Jean Popovici  4 , Rekol Huy  1 , Didier Menard  4
Affiliations

Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Cambodia

Sovannaroth Siv et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg. .

Abstract

The Cambodian National Strategic Plan for Elimination of Malaria aims to move step by step toward elimination of malaria across Cambodia with an initial focus on Plasmodium falciparum malaria before achieving elimination of all forms of malaria, including Plasmodium vivax in 2025. The emergence of artemisinin-resistant P. falciparum in western Cambodia over the last decade has drawn global attention to support the ultimate goal of P. falciparum elimination, whereas the control of P. vivax lags much behind, making the 2025 target gradually less achievable unless greater attention is given to P. vivax elimination in the country. The following review presents in detail the past and current situation regarding P. vivax malaria, activities of the National Malaria Control Program, and interventional measures applied. Constraints and obstacles that can jeopardize our efforts to eliminate this parasite species are discussed.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Map of Cambodia showing (A) delimitation of the 25 provinces and the Phnom Penh municipality, Cambodia 2015, and (B) delimitation of the three zones defined in 2009 for the World Health Organization, malaria containment/elimination strategy, Cambodia.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Malaria cases and deaths reported by public facilities and village malaria workers, 2001–2014.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Malaria cases in public sector by species, and annual blood examination rate, 2010–2014.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Distribution of Plasmodium vivax cases recorded in public sector in 2014, Cambodia. (A) Number of confirmed P. vivax cases by province and (B) ratio of Plasmodium falciparum/P. vivax cases by province.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
(A) Number of malaria cases by species and their seasonal variations between 2006 and 2012, Cambodia. (B) Number of malaria cases by zones (the definition of each zone is given in Figure 1, panel B) between 2008 and 2012, Cambodia. OD = operational districts.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Distribution of the Plasmodium vivax cases detected in the public sector by age group and sex between 2006 and 2012, Cambodia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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