Disruption of Integrated Neuronal and Astrocytic Signaling Contributes to Alcohol Use Disorder

Abstract

Recent research into the pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder suggests that the behavioral and physical manifestations of AUD are produced by hierarchical dysfunction at the cellular, synaptic, and circuit levels. Synaptic and circuit function are highly dependent upon the activity and function of astrocytes. Therefore, dysregulation of astrocytic function may compromise synaptic activity and produce maladaptive modifications of circuit strength. In this commentary, we discuss the extensive crosstalk between neurons and astrocytes that determine synaptic strength and bioenergetic integrity, expounding upon the extensive interactions between glutamatergic neurotransmission and cellular metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss how dysregulation of astrocyte function in AUD may alter astrocyte function and compromise both excitatory neurotransmission and CNS bioenergetics.