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. 2016 Oct 10:6:34526.
doi: 10.1038/srep34526.

Timely antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy effectively reduces HIV mother-to-child transmission in eight counties in China: a prospective study during 2004-2011

Qian Wang  1 , Linhong Wang  2 , Liwen Fang  2 , Ailing Wang  1 , Xi Jin  1 , Fang Wang  1 , Xiaoyan Wang  1 , Yaping Qiao  1 , Sheena G Sullivan  3 , Shannon Rutherford  4 , Lei Zhang  5   6   7   8
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Timely antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy effectively reduces HIV mother-to-child transmission in eight counties in China: a prospective study during 2004-2011

Qian Wang et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This study investigates the improvement of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in China during 2004-2011. A clinic-based prospective study was conducted among HIV-positive pregnant women and their children in eight counties across China. Associated factors of mother-to-child transmission were analyzed using regression analysis. A total of 1,387 HIV+ pregnant women and 1,377 HIV-exposed infants were enrolled. The proportion of pregnant women who received HIV testing increased significantly from 45.1% to 98.9% during 2004-2011. Among whom, the proportion that received antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis increased from 61% to 96%, and the corresponding coverage in children increased from 85% to 97% during the same period. In contrast, single-dose nevirapine treatment during delivery declined substantially from 97.9% to 12.7%. Vertical transmission of HIV declined from 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.7-23.3%) in 2004 to 1.2% (95% CI: 0.1-5.8%) in 2011. Women who had a vaginal delivery (compared to emergency caesarian section (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46; 0.23-0.96)) and mothers on multi-ARVs (OR = 0.11; 0.04-0.29) were less likely to transmit HIV to their newborns. Increasing HIV screening enabled timely HIV care and prophylaxis to reduce vertical transmission of HIV. Early and consistent treatment with multi-ARVs during pregnancy is vital for PMTCT.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PMTCT continuum of care during 2004–2011 in China.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) HIV testing coverage in both pregnant women and infants. (b) ARV coverage among HIV pregnant women and infants. (c) Rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, 2004–2011.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Diagnosis of HIV in infected mothers.
Table 1 Status of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and associate factors.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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