Bilateral elongated mandibular coronoid process in an Anatolian skull

Abstract

Elongation or hyperplasia of coronoid process of mandible is rare condition characterized by abnormal bone development which cause malocclusion and the limited mouth opening. In this study, in an Anatolian skull, a case of bilateral elongation of mandibular coronoid process was presented. Levandoski panographic analysis was performed on the panoramic radiographie to determine the hyperplasia of the coronoid process. The right condylar process was exactly hyperplastic. The measurements of Kr-Go/Cd-Go were 95.10 mm/79.03 mm on right side and 97.53 mm/87.80 mm on left side. The ratio of Kr-Go/Cd-Go on the right side was 1.20. Elongated coronoid process is one of the factors cause mandibular hypomobility, it as reported here might lead to limited mouth opening. The knowledge of this variation or abnormality can be useful for the radiologist and surgeons and prevent misdiagnosis.

Keywords: Coronoid process hyperplasia; Elongated coronoid process; Embryology; Mandible; Panoramic radiograph.

Fig. 1. Photograph showing of the left elongated coronoid processes (e) and zygomatic arch (z).

Fig. 2. Photograph showing of the right elongated coronoid processes (e) and zygomatic arch (z).

Fig. 3. Panoramic radiograph showing the determination of bilateral elongated coronoid process (Levandoski panoramic analysis). In determination of the elongation of coronoid process, reference points: gonion (Go), koronion (Kr), and condylion (Cd). Reference lines: line 1, maxillary vertical midline passing through nasal septum; line 2, 3, and 4, lines perpendicular to line 1 and passing from the lower border of the symphysis of the mandible, tip of the condyle and the tip of the coronoid process, respectively.