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Review
. 2016 Nov;34(4):883-899.
doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Sep 3.

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Andrea Morotti  1 , Joshua N Goldstein  2
Affiliations
Review

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Andrea Morotti et al. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2016 Nov.

Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the deadliest type of stroke and up to half of patients die in hospital. Blood pressure management, coagulopathy reversal, and intracranial pressure control are the mainstays of acute ICH treatment. Prevention of hematoma expansion and minimally invasive hematoma evacuation are promising therapeutic strategies under investigation. This article provides an updated review on ICH diagnosis and management in the emergency department.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Coagulopathy; Hematoma expansion; Hemorrhagic stroke; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Neurocritical care.

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Conflict of interest statement

none.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
ABC/2 method for ICH volume estimation
Figure 2
Figure 2. Spot sign and hematoma expansion
A) Left deep ICH on NCCT, with baseline volume of 45 mL; B) CTA showing presence of spot sign (arrow); C) Follow-up NCCT at 19 hours demonstrated significant hematoma growth to a volume of 192 mL with severe midline shift and massive intraventricular extension.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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