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Review
. 2016 Sep;24(5):547-553.
doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.03.013. Epub 2015 Mar 21.

Diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress-A concise review

Ullah Asmat  1 , Khan Abad  1 , Khan Ismail  2
Affiliations
Review

Diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress-A concise review

Ullah Asmat et al. Saudi Pharm J. 2016 Sep.

Abstract

Human body is continuously exposed to different types of agents that results in the production of reactive species called as free radicals (ROS/RNS) which by the transfer of their free unpaired electron causes the oxidation of cellular machinery. In order to encounter the deleterious effects of such species, body has got endogenous antioxidant systems or it obtains exogenous antioxidants from diet that neutralizes such species and keeps the homeostasis of body. Any imbalance between the RS and antioxidants leads to produce a condition known as "oxidative stress" that results in the development of pathological condition among which one is diabetes. Most of the studies reveal the inference of oxidative stress in diabetes pathogenesis by the alteration in enzymatic systems, lipid peroxidation, impaired Glutathione metabolism and decreased Vitamin C levels. Lipids, proteins, DNA damage, Glutathione, catalane and superoxide dismutase are various biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress induced complications of diabetes may include stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. The basic aim of this review was to summarize the basics of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Free radicals induced cell injury.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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