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. 2017 Jan;25(1):24-32.
doi: 10.1007/s12471-016-0906-7.

High intensity smoking cessation interventions: Cardiac patients of low socioeconomic status and low intention to quit profit most

N Berndt  1   2 , H de Vries  3 , L Lechner  4 , F Van Acker  4   5 , E S Froelicher  6 , F Verheugt  7 , A Mudde  4 , C Bolman  4
Affiliations

High intensity smoking cessation interventions: Cardiac patients of low socioeconomic status and low intention to quit profit most

N Berndt et al. Neth Heart J. 2017 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Without assistance, smokers being admitted to the hospital for coronary heart disease often return to regular smoking within a year.

Objective: This study assessed the 12-month effectiveness of a telephone and a face-to-face counselling intervention on smoking abstinence among cardiac patients. Differential effects for subgroups varying in their socioeconomic status and intention to quit smoking were also studied.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial was used. During hospital stay, smokers hospitalised for coronary heart disease were assigned to usual care (n = 245), telephone counselling (n = 223) or face-to-face counselling (n = 157). Eligible patients were allocated to an intervention counselling group and received nicotine patches. After 12 months, self-reported continued abstinence was assessed and biochemically verified in quitters. Effects on smoking abstinence were tested using multilevel logistic regression analyses applying the intention-to-treat approach.

Results: Compared with usual care, differential effects of telephone and face-to-face counselling on continued abstinence were found in patients with a low socioeconomic status and in patients with a low quit intention. For these patients, telephone counselling increased the likelihood of abstinence threefold (OR = 3.10, 95 % CI 1.32-7.31, p = 0.01), whereas face-to-face counselling increased this likelihood fivefold (OR = 5.30, 95 % CI 2.13-13.17, p < 0.001). Considering the total sample, the interventions did not result in stronger effects than usual care.

Conclusion: Post-discharge telephone and face-to-face counselling interventions increased smoking abstinence rates at 12 months compared with usual care among cardiac patients of low socioeconomic status and low quit intentions. The present study indicates that patients of high socioeconomic status and high quit motivation require different cessation approaches.

Keywords: Coronary heart disease; Face-to-face counselling; Intention to quit; Smoking cessation; Socioeconomic status; Telephone counselling.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestN. Berndt, H. de Vries, L. Lechner, F. Van Acker, E. S. Froelicher, F. Verheugt, A. Mudde and C. Bolman state that they have no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of the experimental study evaluating two smoking cessation counselling interventions in cardiac patients. UC usual care, NRT nicotine replacement therapy, in this trial nicotine patches only given to patients who agreed to use them and without any contraindications indicated by the cardiologist, TC telephone counselling, FC face-to-face counselling
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Intervention protocols of telephone counselling and face-to-face counselling. aEach telephone counselling session was designed to last 15 min and each face-to-face session 30–45 min besides the last follow-up by telephone (also 15 min). bFor telephone counselling, the themes of sessions 5 and 6 were discussed the other way round. cMany patients are already in the action stage because they quit at hospital admission
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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