Optimizing Transition to Home Enteral Nutrition for Pediatric Patients

Abstract

Enteral nutrition is delivered via the gastrointestinal tract when oral intake is not sufficient to maintain nutrition status. There is evidence that long-term home enteral nutrition (HEN) can be advantageous to pediatric patients by improving quality of life and function. Data from pediatric patients receiving either nasogastric tube or gastrostomy tube feeds indicate good outcomes in terms of maintaining and improving nutrition status as evidenced by anthropometric measurements. As the number of pediatric patients requiring HEN increases, development of an effective program to allow smooth transition to the home is necessary. The formation of a multidisciplinary HEN management team can achieve the important task of taking care of children requiring HEN who are technology dependent. Members of a multidisciplinary HEN team can include care coordinators, nurses, physicians, dietitians, and speech therapists. Planning for patient discharge to home should start well before the actual discharge, with timely identification of home caregivers, the family's learning style, and completion of other requirements for safe administration of HEN. Education should be provided in a continuum, starting at the identification of nutrition support while still in the hospital and continuing after discharge to address concerns and long-term complications of HEN.

Keywords: enteral nutrition; home nutrition support; long-term care; pediatrics.