Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Nov;22(11):1996-1999.
doi: 10.3201/eid2211.160902.

Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Density and Evolution of Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Young Children, Peru, 2009-2011

Roger R Fan, Leigh M Howard, Marie R Griffin, Kathryn M Edwards, Yuwei Zhu, John V Williams, Jorge E Vidal, Keith P Klugman, Ana I Gil, Claudio F Lanata, Carlos G Grijalva

Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Density and Evolution of Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Young Children, Peru, 2009-2011

Roger R Fan et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Nov.

Abstract

We examined nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization density patterns surrounding acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) in young children in Peru. Pneumococcal densities were dynamic, gradually increasing leading up to an ARI, peaking during the ARI, and decreasing after the ARI. Rhinovirus co-infection was associated with higher pneumococcal densities.

Keywords: Peru; Streptococcus pneumoniae; acute respiratory illnesses; bacteria; bacterial load; nasopharynx; pneumococcal density; pneumococcal infections; pneumococcal pneumonia; respiratory tract infections; young children.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Estimated median pneumococcal densities with 95% CIs (vertical bars) by acute respiratory illness (ARI) period. Estimates derived from a quantile regression model that accounted for sex, age, daycare attendance, electricity, water supply, housing materials, kitchen type, smokers at home, vaccination, antimicrobial drug use, season, and altitude of residence. Asterisk indicates significantly different from ARI samples; dagger indicates significantly different from non-ARI samples.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pneumococcal densities of current acute respiratory illness samples subdivided by reverse transcription PCR detection of respiratory viruses. Each circle represents a single bacterial density measurement. The median for the samples of each subgroup is represented by a gray horizontal line. Asterisk indicates significantly different from virus-negative samples.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Simell B, Auranen K, Käyhty H, Goldblatt D, Dagan R, O’Brien KL; Pneumococcal Carriage Group. The fundamental link between pneumococcal carriage and disease. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012;11:841–55.10.1586/erv.12.53 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Siegel SJ, Weiser JN. Mechanisms of bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2015;69:425–44.10.1146/annurev-micro-091014-104209 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Budge PJ, Griffin MR, Edwards KM, Williams JV, Verastegui H, Hartinger SM, et al.; RESPIRA-PERU Group. A household-based study of acute viral respiratory illnesses in Andean children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014;33:443–7.10.1097/INF.0000000000000135 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Grijalva CG, Griffin MR, Edwards KM, Williams JV, Gil AI, Verastegui H, et al. Cohort profile: The study of respiratory pathogens in Andean children. Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43:1021–30.10.1093/ije/dyt065 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lanata CF, Rudan I, Boschi-Pinto C, Tomaskovic L, Cherian T, Weber M, et al. Methodological and quality issues in epidemiological studies of acute lower respiratory infections in children in developing countries. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;33:1362–72.10.1093/ije/dyh229 - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources