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. 2016 Oct 28;13(11):1054.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph13111054.

Ultrafine Particle Metrics and Research Considerations: Review of the 2015 UFP Workshop

Richard W Baldauf  1   2 , Robert B Devlin  3 , Peter Gehr  4 , Robert Giannelli  5 , Beth Hassett-Sipple  6 , Heejung Jung  7 , Giorgio Martini  8 , Joseph McDonald  9   10 , Jason D Sacks  11 , Katherine Walker  12
Affiliations

Ultrafine Particle Metrics and Research Considerations: Review of the 2015 UFP Workshop

Richard W Baldauf et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

In February 2015, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sponsored a workshop in Research Triangle Park, NC, USA to review the current state of the science one missions, air quality impacts, and health effects associated with exposures to ultrafine particles[1].[...].

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Tri-modal particle size distributions using different particle metrics (number, surface area, lung deposited surface area, and mass). For this figure, Dp is the particle diameter, UFP are ultrafine particles, and PM stands for particulate matter.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Internal combustion engine particle emissions; diesel (top) and petrol or gasoline (bottom).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Left-cold piston, high-flame-intensity diffusional combustion is visible above the top of the piston crown due to surface wetting with fuel. This condition resulted in high particle formation. Right-warm piston, homogenous combustion with low-flame-intensity and low particle formation. The picture on the upper left shows the relative positions of the intake valves, exhaust valves and sparkplug.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Example of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) used for controlling PM emissions from stationary sources (courtesy of Prof. Pratim Biswas, Washington University in St. Louis and Powerspan).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) UFP Workshop Summary. 2015. [(accessed on 25 October 2016)]. Available online: https://sites.google.com/site/2015ufpworkshop/home.
    1. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Integrated Science Assessment for Particulate Matter: Final Report. National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development; Research Triangle Park, NC, USA: 2009. EPA/600/6-08/139F.
    1. Health Effects Institute (HEI) Understanding the Health Effects of Ambient Ultrafine Particles. Health Effects Institute; Boston, MA, USA: 2013. HEI Perspectives 3.
    1. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Particulate Matter Standards—Documents from Review Completed in 2012. United States Environmental Protection Agency; Washington, DC, USA: 2012.
    1. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Policy Assessment for the Review of the Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Research Triangle Park, NC, USA: 2011. EPA 452/R-11-003.

Publication types

MeSH terms