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Review
. 2016 Oct 25:7:333.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00333. eCollection 2016.

The Pharmacological Potential of Non-ribosomal Peptides from Marine Sponge and Tunicates

Shivankar Agrawal  1 , Alok Adholeya  1 , Sunil K Deshmukh  1
Affiliations
Review

The Pharmacological Potential of Non-ribosomal Peptides from Marine Sponge and Tunicates

Shivankar Agrawal et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Marine biodiversity is recognized by a wide and unique array of fascinating structures. The complex associations of marine microorganisms, especially with sponges, bryozoans, and tunicates, make it extremely difficult to define the biosynthetic source of marine natural products or to deduce their ecological significance. Marine sponges and tunicates are important source of novel compounds for drug discovery and development. Majority of these compounds are nitrogen containing and belong to non-ribosomal peptide (NRPs) or mixed polyketide-NRP natural products. Several of these peptides are currently under trial for developing new drugs against various disease areas, including inflammatory, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious disease. This review features pharmacologically active NRPs from marine sponge and tunicates based on their biological activities.

Keywords: marine ecosystem; marine natural products; non-ribosomal peptides; pharmacology; sponge; tunicates.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structures of anticancer non-ribosomal peptides (1–14).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of anticancer non-ribosomal peptides (15–26).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structures of anticancer non-ribosomal peptides (27–33).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Structures of anticancer non-ribosomal peptides (34–42).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structures of anticancer non-ribosomal peptides (43–60).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Structures of anticancer non-ribosomal peptides (61–69).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Structures of non-ribosomal peptides with anti-HIV activity (70–82).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Structures of non-ribosomal peptides with anti-HIV activity (83–89).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Structures of non-ribosomal peptides with anti-inflammatory activity (90–97).
Figure 10
Figure 10
Structures of antimicrobial non-ribosomal peptides (98–110).
Figure 11
Figure 11
Structures of non-ribosomal peptides with (111–113).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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