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Review
. 2016 Nov;95(45):e5349.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005349.

Efficacy and feasibility of antidepressant treatment in patients with post-stroke depression

Xiao-Min Xu  1 , De-Zhi Zou, Liu-Yan Shen, Yang Liu, Xin-Yu Zhou, Jun-Cai Pu, Mei-Xue Dong, You-Dong Wei
Affiliations
Review

Efficacy and feasibility of antidepressant treatment in patients with post-stroke depression

Xiao-Min Xu et al. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Depression greatly impacts the quality of life in most stroke survivors. Therefore, effective treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD) is critically important. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness and feasibility of antidepressant treatment in this population is limited and somewhat confusing.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception up to November 2015 was conducted. We reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assigned patients with a clinical diagnosis of PSD to antidepressant or placebo treatment. Reduction in depression rating scale scores and response rate to antidepressants were defined as the efficacy outcomes. Rates of dropout for any reason and for adverse effects were defined as the acceptability outcomes. We also assessed improvements in activities of daily living (ADL) as functional outcomes.

Results: In total, 11 trials consisting of 740 participants were indentified. A significant advantage of antidepressants compared with placebo treatment in PSD was observed in overall pooled effect size analysis (SMD = -0.96; 95% CI = -1.41 to -0.51; P <0.0001). In addition, patients receiving antidepressants presented a much greater improvement in various depressive symptoms than those with placebo (RR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.01-1.83; P = 0.04). However, antidepressants were less well tolerated than placebo because of some adverse events (RR = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.37-5.43; P = 0.04). Intriguingly, no consistent evidence was found for a positive effect of antidepressants on ADL in our analysis.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that antidepressants treatment confers potentially positive effects in patients with PSD as compared with simple placebo treatment. However, this must be carefully considered in light of its possible adverse events in some individual patients.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of antidepressants in the treatment of PSD compared with placebo. PSD = post-stroke depression.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the type of antidepressants. B, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the sample size. C, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the age. D, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the sex. E, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the severity of PSD.
Figure 3 (Continued)
Figure 3 (Continued)
A, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the type of antidepressants. B, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the sample size. C, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the age. D, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the sex. E, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the severity of PSD.
Figure 3 (Continued)
Figure 3 (Continued)
A, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the type of antidepressants. B, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the sample size. C, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the age. D, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the sex. E, Subgroup analysis of continuous outcomes compared with placebo based on the severity of PSD.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Acceptability of antidepressants in the treatment of PSD. A, Withdrawals for any reason between antidepressants and control groups. B, Withdrawals for adverse events between antidepressants and control groups.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Treatment effects of antidepressant on ADL of patients with PSD. ADL = activities of daily living, PSD = post-stroke depression.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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