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Comparative Study
. 2016 Nov 9;16(1):1146.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3804-4.

The burden of chronic diseases and cost-of-care in subjects with HIV infection in a Health District of Northern Italy over a 12-year period compared to that of the general population

Eugenia Quiros-Roldan  1 , Michele Magoni  2 , Elena Raffetti  3 , Francesco Donato  4 , Carmelo Scarcella  2 , Giuseppe Paraninfo  1 , Francesco Castelli  1
Affiliations
Comparative Study

The burden of chronic diseases and cost-of-care in subjects with HIV infection in a Health District of Northern Italy over a 12-year period compared to that of the general population

Eugenia Quiros-Roldan et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: The increase in life expectancy of HIV-infected patients has driven increased costs due to life-long HIV treatment and concurrent age-related comorbidities. This population-based study aimed to investigate the burden of chronic diseases and health costs for HIV+ subjects compared to the general population living in Brescia Local health Agency (LHA) over a 12-year period.

Methods: LHA database recorded diagnoses, deaths, drug prescriptions and health resource utilization for all residents during 2003-2014. We estimated HIV prevalence and incidence, HIV-related mortality as well as prevalence of chronic diseases in HIV+ subjects. Observed/expected ratio of chronic diseases was calculated by indirect standardization with the general population as reference. Direct cost of HIV care and determinants were estimates across the period.

Results: HIV prevalence increased from 220 to 307 per 100 000 person-years while incidence decreased from 16.1 to 10.8 per 100 000 person-years from 2003 to 2014. Prevalence of most comorbidities increased over time but it reduced significantly (annual mean change - 0.7 %) when adjusting for age and gender. Observed to expected ratio for each chronic disease in HIV+ subjects decreased over time. Cost of HIV+ cures increased (+25 %) mainly due to cost for drugs (+50 %) but it stabilized in recent years. CD4+ cell count at the time of diagnosis was an important predictor of cost for HIV management.

Conclusions: Expenditures for HIV-infection are driven mainly by drugs cost and they have increased overtime. However, our findings suggest that spending on public health for HIV care can improve prognosis of HIV-infected patients, reduce transmission of HIV infection and reduce the global burden of chronic diseases, leading to a reduction of HIV global cost in the medium-long time.

Keywords: Burden of HIV; Chronic diseases; Cost for HIV care; Prevalence.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Standardized prevalence ratios (SPRs) and their 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) of chronic diseases using Local Health Authority general population as reference. The filled segments of the horizontal bars represent the upper limit of the 95 % CI of the SPRs, whereas the open segments represent the lower limit
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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