Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2016 Jul/Aug;24(2):86-89.

HIV Infection in Hard-to-Reach Populations

Carlos Del Rio  1
Affiliations
Review

HIV Infection in Hard-to-Reach Populations

Carlos Del Rio. Top Antivir Med. 2016 Jul/Aug.

Abstract

HIV disproportionately impacts populations that have traditionally suffered from health disparities; thus, it is unsurprising that health disparities are a major driver of the ongoing HIV epidemic in the United States. High rates of HIV prevalence and incidence are now seen in the Southern United States and among black men who have sex with men, transgender women, and individuals in low-income settings. In addition, substance use continues to be a major driver of the HIV epidemic and impacts care outcomes. Efforts at reducing HIV transmission must include focus on engagement and retention in care among individuals at risk of being lost to care. This requires particular emphasis on understanding and addressing patient needs and removing structural barriers to engagement in care. This article summarizes a presentation by Carlos del Rio, MD, at the IAS-USA continuing education program, Improving the Management of HIV Disease, held in New York, New York, in March 2016.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Financial affiliations in the past 12 months: Dr del Rio has served as a consultant for InnaVirVax.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Diagnoses of HIV infection in the United States in 2014, by region. Adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
New HIV infections by risk group in 2002 and 2011. MSM indicates men who have sex with men. Adapted from Johnson et al.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Johnson AS, Hall HI, Hu X, Lansky A, Holtgrave DR, Mermin J.Trends in diagnoses of HIV infection in the United States, 2002~2011. JAMA. 2014;312(4):432-434. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hess K, Hu X, Lansky A, Mermin J, Hall HI.Estimating the lifetime risk of a diagnosis of HIV infection in the United States [CROI Abstract 52]. In Special Issue: Abstracts From the 2016 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Top Antivir Med. 2016; 24(e-1):24.
    1. Rosenberg ES, Millett GA, Sullivan PS, del RC, Curran JW.Understanding the HIV disparities between black and white men who have sex with men in the USA using the HIV care continuum: a modeling study. Lancet HIV. 2014;1(3):e112-e118. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV and AIDS in the United States by geographic distribution. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/statistics/overview/geographicdistribution.html. Accessed on August 15, 2016.
    1. AIDSVu. New York City highlights.http://aidsvu.org/state/new-york/new-york-city/. Accessed on August 15, 2016.

LinkOut - more resources