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. 1989 Apr;86(7):2365-8.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.7.2365.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces expression of human immunodeficiency virus in a chronically infected T-cell clone

T M Folks  1 , K A Clouse, J Justement, A Rabson, E Duh, J H Kehrl, A S Fauci
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Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces expression of human immunodeficiency virus in a chronically infected T-cell clone

T M Folks et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr.

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), also known as cachectin, was demonstrated to induce the expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a chronically infected T-cell clone (ACH-2). Concentrations of recombinant TNF-alpha as low as 50 pg/ml induced a significant increase over background of HIV expression in the ACH-2 cells as determined by supernatant reverse transcriptase activity. The HIV-inducing effects of TNF-alpha could not be explained by toxic effects on the cells. In addition, both the uninfected parental cell line (A3.01) and the infected ACH-2 cells were shown to have high-affinity receptors for TNF-alpha. Transient-transfection experiments demonstrated that the inductive effects of TNF-alpha were due to specific activation of the HIV long terminal repeat. These studies provide evidence that TNF-alpha may play a role in the mechanisms of pathogenesis of HIV infection.

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