Does minimalist transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement produce better survival in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

Abstract

Objectives: To compare outcomes after minimalist and standard transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TF-TAVR) in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Background: TF-TAVR is increasingly performed with conscious sedation and transthoracic echocardiography guidance (minimalist). The safety/efficacy of this technique in patients with severe COPD is unknown.

Methods: We compared demographics, 30-day outcomes and 1-year survival of patients with severe COPD (FEV1% ≤50) who underwent minimalist vs. standard TF-TAVR between 2008 and 2015 at our institution.

Results: Of 88 patients with severe COPD, 46 underwent minimalist and 42 underwent standard TF-TAVR. There were no differences on baseline characteristics, except for more history of coronary artery bypass grafting (45.5% vs. 20.6%, P = 0.03) and less history of cerebrovascular disease (16.7% vs. 45.5%, P = 0.03) in the standard TF-TAVR. Seventeen minimalist TF-TAVR patients (41.0%) were transferred directly to the general medical ward with telemetry monitoring (without ICU stay); all standard TF-TAVR patients went to the ICU. Minimalist TF-TAVR patients had shorter procedure time (97 vs. 129 min, P < 0.001), ICU time (21.8 vs. 29.8 hr, P = 0.001) and length of stay (2 vs. 5 days, P = 0.001). There were no differences in procedure complications and 30-day mortality between groups. In our multivariate analysis, minimalist TF-TAVR (HR 0.28, 95%CI 0.08-0.97) and previous coronary revascularization (HR 0.24, 95%CI 0.09-0.65) were associated with increased 1-year survival. In contrast, moderate paravalvular leak (HR 7.73, 95%CI 1.94-30.84) was associated with decreased 1-year survival.

Conclusion: In patients with severe COPD, Minimalist TF-TAVR results in less resource utilization and improved 1-year survival compared to standard approach. Our findings should be validated in a larger cohort of patients with severe COPD. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; minimalist; transcatheter aortic valve replacement; transfemoral.