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. 2016 Nov 18;9(1):591.
doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1882-x.

Seroprevalence of bovine theileriosis in northern China

Yaqiong Li  1 , Zhijie Liu  1 , Junlong Liu  1 , Jifei Yang  1 , Qian Li  1 , Pengfei Guo  1 , Guiquan Guan  1 , Guangyuan Liu  1 , Jianxun Luo  2 , Hong Yin  3   4 , Youquan Li  5
Affiliations

Seroprevalence of bovine theileriosis in northern China

Yaqiong Li et al. Parasit Vectors. .

Abstract

Background: Bovine theileriosis is a common disease transmitted by ticks, and can cause loss of beef and dairy cattle worldwide. Here, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on Theileria luwenshuni surface protein (TlSP) was developed and used to carry out a seroepidemiological survey of bovine theileriosis in northern China.

Methods: We used the BugBuster Ni-NTA His•Bind Purification Kit to purify recombinant TlSP (rTlSP), which was subsequently analyzed by Western Blotting to evaluate cross-reactivity with other pathogen-positive sera. The iELISA method based on rTlSP was successfully developed. Sera from 2005 blood samples were tested with the rTlSP-iELISA method, and blood smears from these samples were observed by microscopy.

Results: The specificity of iELISA was 98.9%, the sensitivity was 98.5%, and the cut-off was selected as 24.6%. Western Blot analysis of rTlSP confirmed that there were cross-reactions with Theileria luwenshuni, Theileria uilenbergi, Theileria ovis, Theileria annulata, Theileria orientalis and Theileria sinensis. The epidemiological survey showed that the highest positive rate of bovine theileriosis was 98.3%, the lowest rate was 84.1%, and the average positive rate was 95.4% by iELISA. With microscopy, the highest positive rate was 38.9%, the lowest rate was 5.1%, and the relative average positive rate was 13.7%.

Conclusions: An rTlSP-iELISA was developed to detect circulating antibodies against bovine Theileria in northern China. This is the first report on the seroprevalence of bovine theileriosis in northern China, and it also provides seroepidemiological data on bovine theileriosis in China.

Keywords: ELISA; Microscopy; Prevalence; Theileriosis.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Geographical distribution of various kinds of ticks related to bovine and ovine Theileria spp. in China
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Western blotting of rTlSP. Lane M: prestained markers; Lane 1: T. luwenshuni; Lane 2: T. uilenbergi; Lane 3: T. ovis; Lane 4: T. annulata; Lane 5: T. orientalis; Lane 6: T. sinensis; Lane 7: B. bovis; Lane 8: B. major; Lane 9: B. bigemina; Lane 10: A. marginale; Lane 11: Br. abortus; Lane 12: Bovine epizootic fever virus; Lane 13: PBS
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Evaluation of the positive threshold value using mean AbR of negative and positive sera (0 = negative sera; 1 = positive sera)
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