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Review
. 2008 Mar 27;8(4):2043-2081.
doi: 10.3390/s8042043.

Electrochemical Sensors for Clinic Analysis

You Wang  1 , Hui Xu  2 , Jianming Zhang  3 , Guang Li  4
Affiliations
Review

Electrochemical Sensors for Clinic Analysis

You Wang et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Demanded by modern medical diagnosis, advances in microfabrication technology have led to the development of fast, sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors for clinic analysis. This review addresses the principles behind electrochemical sensor design and fabrication, and introduces recent progress in the application of electrochemical sensors to analysis of clinical chemicals such as blood gases, electrolytes, metabolites, DNA and antibodies, including basic and applied research. Miniaturized commercial electrochemical biosensors will form the basis of inexpensive and easy to use devices for acquiring chemical information to bring sophisticated analytical capabilities to the non-specialist and general public alike in the future.

Keywords: Blood gas; Clinic analysis; DNA; Electrochemical; Electrolyte; Enzyme electrodes; Glucose; Immunosensors; Sensor.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Clinical analysis procedures based on electrochemical sensors.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The schematic of: (a) liquid junction ISE, (b) solid-contact ISE.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The principle schematic of: (a) first generation amperometric biosensors, (b) second generation amperometric biosensors.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
The extraction of glucose by reverse iontophoresis.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
The structure of “Sandwich” DNA sensors.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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