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Review
. 2016 Nov 23;21(11):1600.
doi: 10.3390/molecules21111600.

1-Deoxynojirimycin: Occurrence, Extraction, Chemistry, Oral Pharmacokinetics, Biological Activities and In Silico Target Fishing

Kuo Gao  1 , Chenglong Zheng  2   3 , Tong Wang  4 , Huihui Zhao  5 , Juan Wang  6 , Zhiyong Wang  7 , Xing Zhai  8 , Zijun Jia  9 , Jianxin Chen  10 , Yingwu Zhou  11 , Wei Wang  12
Affiliations
Review

1-Deoxynojirimycin: Occurrence, Extraction, Chemistry, Oral Pharmacokinetics, Biological Activities and In Silico Target Fishing

Kuo Gao et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ, C₆H13NO₄, 163.17 g/mol), an alkaloid azasugar or iminosugar, is a biologically active natural compound that exists in mulberry leaves and Commelina communis (dayflower) as well as from several bacterial strains such as Bacillus and Streptomyces species. Deoxynojirimycin possesses antihyperglycemic, anti-obesity, and antiviral features. Therefore, the aim of this detailed review article is to summarize the existing knowledge on occurrence, extraction, purification, determination, chemistry, and bioactivities of DNJ, so that researchers may use it to explore future perspectives of research on DNJ. Moreover, possible molecular targets of DNJ will also be investigated using suitable in silico approach.

Keywords: Bacillus; anti-obesity; antihyperglycemic; antiviral; fermentation; iminosugar; molecular targets; mulberry; silkworms.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structure of 1-Deoxynojirimycin [7].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mulberry leaf and fruit.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Silkworm larvae consuming mulberry leaves.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Supposed mode of DNJ action in the digestive tract.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The protein network of DNJ. The proteins and their relationships are represented by the nodes and edges.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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