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. 2017 Apr;8(2):245-250.
doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12160. Epub 2016 Nov 8.

Sarcopenia and physical independence in older adults: the independent and synergic role of muscle mass and muscle function

Leandro Dos Santos  1 , Edilson S Cyrino  1 , Melissa Antunes  1 , Diana A Santos  2 , Luís B Sardinha  2
Affiliations

Sarcopenia and physical independence in older adults: the independent and synergic role of muscle mass and muscle function

Leandro Dos Santos et al. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2017 Apr.

Abstract

Background: The loss of skeletal muscle mass (MM) or muscle function (MF) alone increases the risk for losing physical independence in older adults. We aimed to examine the independent and synergic associations of low MM and low MF, both criteria of sarcopenia, with the risk for losing projected physical independence in later life (+90 years old).

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in 3493 non-institutionalized older adults (1166 males). Physical independence was assessed with a 12-item composite physical function scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds-ratio (OR) for being at risk for losing physical independence.

Results: Approximately 30% of the participants were at risk for losing physical independence at 90 years of age. Independent analysis demonstrated that participants with low MM had 1.65 (95%CI: 1.27-2.31) increased odds for being at risk for losing physical independence and participants with low MF had 6.19 (95%CI 5.08-7.53) increased odds for being at risk. Jointly, having a low MM and a low MF increased the risk for losing physical independence to 12.28 (95%CI 7.95 to 18.96).

Conclusions: Although low MM represents a risk factor for losing physical independence, low MF seems to play a more dominant role in this relationship, with the presence of both sarcopenia criteria representing a substantial risk for losing physical independence in later life.

Keywords: dynapenia; elderly; physical independence; sarcopenia.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Joint association of muscle mass (MM)/muscle function (MF) categories [normal MM and MF; normal MM low MF; low MM normal MF; low MM and MF] with the risk for losing physical independence in older adults (n = 3493). *Results are presented as odds‐ratio (95% confident intervals) Model adjusted for sex, age, education, medical history for chronic disease, hypertension, elevated cholesterol or glycemia, current medication status and body mass index.
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