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1 The authors are with the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (e-mail: restewar@upenn.edu ). Steven S. Sharfstein, M.D., Haiden A. Huskamp, Ph.D., and Alison Evans Cuellar, Ph.D., are editors of this column.
1 The authors are with the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (e-mail: restewar@upenn.edu ). Steven S. Sharfstein, M.D., Haiden A. Huskamp, Ph.D., and Alison Evans Cuellar, Ph.D., are editors of this column.
Pay for performance (P4P) has become a popular strategy to reward quality and cost-efficiency in behavioral health care and other health care disciplines. This column presents the results of a literature review of P4P in behavioral health care. Fifteen empirical studies evaluating the outcomes of behavioral health services provided in a P4P system were identified. The limited data suggest that P4P can achieve its desired effect. More research is needed on outcomes, performance, and unintended consequences.
Keywords:
Behavioral health incentives; Financing/funding/reimbursement; Pay for performance; Performance-based contracting; Value-based purchasing.
The authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.
References
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Garner BR, Godley SH, Dennis ML, et al.: Using pay for performance to improve treatment implementation for adolescent substance use disorders: results from a cluster randomized trial. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 166:938–944, 2012
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Lee MT, Garnick DW, O’Brien PL, et al.: Adolescent treatment initiation and engagement in an evidence-based practice initiative. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 42:346–355, 2012
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Chuang E, Wells R, Green S, et al.: Performance-based contracting and the moderating influence of caseworker role overload on service provision in child welfare. Administration in Social Work 35:453–474, 2011
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