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. 2015 Sep;53(3):324-330.
doi: 10.17113/ftb.53.03.15.3830.

Effect of Hot Water Blanching Time and Drying Temperature on the Thin Layer Drying Kinetics of and Anthocyanin Degradation in Black Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Shreds

Umar Garba  1 , Sawinder Kaur  2 , Sushma Gurumayum  3 , Prasad Rasane  2
Affiliations

Effect of Hot Water Blanching Time and Drying Temperature on the Thin Layer Drying Kinetics of and Anthocyanin Degradation in Black Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Shreds

Umar Garba et al. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2015 Sep.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of blanching treatment (98 °C for 3 and 6 min) and air drying temperature of 40, 50 and 60 °C on the thin layer drying characteristics such as drying time, drying rate constant, effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy, as well as on anthocyanin content of black carrot shreds. It was observed that drying temperature affected the drying rate but blanching did not have an effect on drying time. Three thin layer drying models, i.e. Page, Lewis and Henderson-Pabis were evaluated. The goodness of these models was evaluated based on the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error, reduced chi square (χ2) and standard error. Page model showed the best fit to the drying data. The effective diffusivity ranges of 1.4·10-9 to 2.6·10-9 m2/s, 1.3·10-9 to 2.1·10-9 m2/s and 1.5·10-9 to 2.2·10-9 m2/s after 3 or 6 min of blanching and control samples respectively were calculated using Fick's second law. The activation energy of 37.5, 26.0 and 34.6 kJ/(mol·K) of the control samples and samples blanched for 3 or 6 min respectively was determined from the Arrhenius plot. The blanching treatment affected the anthocyanin content to a great extent. The anthocyanin content of (231.7±2.9) and (278.8±7.8) mg per 100 g was recorded in samples blanched for 3 and 6 min and then dried at 60 °C, and (153.0±4.3) and (247.0±5.5) mg per 100 g was recorded at 40 °C as compared to the control of (580.1±1.3) at 60 °C and (466.7±1.1) mg per 100 g at 40 °C.

Keywords: activation energy; anthocyanin content; black carrot; blanching; drying rate; effective diffusivity; thin layer model.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Drying curve of the sample of unblanched black carrot shreds at 40 (◆), 50 (▴) and 60 °C (●) obtained using Page model
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Drying curve of the sample of black carrot shreds blanched for 6 min at 40 (◆), 50 (▴) and 60 °C (●) obtained using Page model
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Drying curve of the sample of black carrot shreds blanched for 3 min at 40 (◆), 50 (▴) and 60 °C (●) obtained using Page model
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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