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Review
. 2016 Dec;95(49):e5317.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005317.

CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 gene polymorphism and cancer risk

Yang Wu  1 , Chun Zhang, Weizhang Xu, Jianzhong Zhang, Yuxiao Zheng, Zipeng Lu, Dongfang Liu, Kuirong Jiang
Affiliations
Review

CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 gene polymorphism and cancer risk

Yang Wu et al. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Dec.

Abstract

Background: Previous epidemiological studies have reported the relationship between CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) synonymous polymorphism (rs2228014), and risk of cancer, but the results remained conflicting and controversial. Therefore, this study was devised to evaluate the genetic effects of the rs2228014 polymorphism on cancer risk in a large meta-analysis.

Methods: The computer-based databases (EMBASE, Web of Science, and PubMed) were searched for all relevant studies evaluating rs2228014 and susceptibility to cancer. In the analysis, pooled odds ratios (ORs) with its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in 5 genetic models to assess the genetic risk. Egger regression and Begg funnel plots test were conducted to appraise the publication bias.

Results: Data on rs2228014 polymorphism and overall cancer risk were available for 3684 cancer patients and 5114 healthy controls participating in 11 studies. Overall, a significantly increased risk of cancer was associated with rs2228014 polymorphism in homozygote model (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.22-3.33) and in recessive model (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.23-3.16). When stratified by ethnicity, the results were positive only in Asian populations (heterozygote model: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13-1.65; homozygote model: OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.21-4.91; dominant model: OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.13-1.90; recessive model: OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.13-4.48; and allele model: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.10-1.99). Besides, in the subgroup analysis by source of control, the result was significant only in population-based control (homozygote model: OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.06-5.40; recessive model: pooled OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.02-4.96).

Conclusion: In general, our results first indicated that the rs2228014 polymorphism in CXCR4 gene is correlated with an increased risk of cancer, especially among Asian ethnicity. Large, well-designed epidemiological studies are required to verify the current findings.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plots of the CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 (rs2228014) polymorphism and cancer risk for overall populations and subgroup analyses under homozygote model (TT vs CC) with random-effects model. ([A] overall cancer risk; [B] ethnicity subgroup; [C] source of control subgroup; and [D] sample size subgroup.).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The influence of individual studies on the overall odds ratio under homozygote model (TT vs CC).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plots of CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 rs2228014 polymorphism and cancer risk (PBegg = 0.161; PEgger = 0.062; model: TT vs CC).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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