The association between various indices of obesity and severity of atherosclerosis in adults in the north of Iran

Abstract

Recent observational studies have reported controversial results for the association between different anthropometric indices of obesity and severity of atherosclerosis. The aim of the current study is to determine the associations between anthropometric indices with severity of atherosclerosis in adult population in north of Iran.The cross-sectional study was performed on 610 participants, who were admitted to a hospital for elective angiographyin Rasht, Iran, Anthropometric indices, including waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index (CI), body mass index (BMI), and hematological factors, were measured using the standard methods. According to angiography reports, severity of atherosclerosis was determined.Sixty-two percent of participants had moderate to severe atherosclerosis. According to BMI, 44% were overweight and 25.8% were obese. Based on WHtR and WC, 90%, and 57% were obese, respectively. The prevalence of moderate to severe atherosclerosis in centrally obese women was significantly higher than in centrally nonobese women (52% vs 28% P = 0.02). According to multivariate adjustment analysis, age, sex, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, uric acid, and triglyceride were independently associated with severity of atherosclerosis. BMI, WC, CI, and WHtR had no significant association with severity of atherosclerosis.Our findings showed that anthropometric indices reflective of general and abdominal obesity were not independently related to the severity of atherosclerosis in adults, in northern Iran.

Figure 1

Comparison of the frequency of moderate to severe atherosclerosis based on categories of to body mass index (A), waist to height ratio (B), and waist circumference (C) in 2 sexes.

Figure 2

Association of obesity measures based on BMI (A), WC (B), CI (C), and WHtR (D) with moderate to severe atherosclerosis adjusted for covariates. Abdominal obesity based on CI >1.25, abdominal obesity based on WC>102 in men and >88 in women, abdominal obesity based on WHtR >0.5, high uric acid >7.5 in women and >8.5 in men. BMI = body mass index, CI = conicity index, SBP = systolic blood pressure, TG = triglyceride, WC = waist circumference, WHtR = waist-to-height ratio.